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Virtually all of the impedance bump and consequent loss is in the UHF female connector, the SO-239. A typical SO-239 UHF female, properly hooded, has a difference in impedance from the standard 50 Ohm line impedance of about 35 Ohms. The length of the bump is typically 1 / 2 inch, where the female pin flares to fit over the male pin ...
The free end of the stub is either left open-circuit, or short-circuited (as is always the case for waveguides). Neglecting transmission line losses, the input impedance of the stub is purely reactive ; either capacitive or inductive , depending on the electrical length of the stub, and on whether it is open or short circuit.
In radio transmission, transmitter power output (TPO) is the actual amount of power (in watts) of radio frequency (RF) energy that a transmitter produces at its output. [1]TPO is a concept related to effective radiated power (ERP), but refers to the power output of a transmitter, without accounting for antenna gain.
A link budget is an accounting of all of the power gains and losses that a communication signal experiences in a telecommunication system; from a transmitter, through a communication medium such as radio waves, cable, waveguide, or optical fiber, to the receiver.
Z-parameters are also known as open-circuit impedance parameters as they are calculated under open circuit conditions. i.e., I x =0, where x=1,2 refer to input and output currents flowing through the ports (of a two-port network in this case) respectively.
When measuring with a field strength meter it is important to use a calibrated antenna such as the standard antenna supplied with the meter. For precision measurements the antenna must be at a standard height. A value of standard height frequently employed for VHF and UHF measurements is 10 metres (33 ft).
An SWR meter does not measure the actual impedance of a load (the resistance and reactance), but only the mismatch ratio. To measure the actual impedance requires an antenna analyzer or other similar RF measuring device. For accurate readings, the SWR meter itself must also match the line's impedance (typically 50 or 75 Ohms).
The input impedance of an infinite line is equal to the characteristic impedance since the transmitted wave is never reflected back from the end. Equivalently: The characteristic impedance of a line is that impedance which, when terminating an arbitrary length of line at its output, produces an input impedance of equal value. This is so because ...