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The Indonesian Criminal Code ( Dutch: Wetboek van Strafrecht, WvS), commonly known in Indonesian as Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana ( lit. 'Law Book of Penal Code', derived from Dutch), abbreviated as KUH Pidana or KUHP ), are laws and regulations that form the basis of criminal law in Indonesia. By deviating as necessary from Presidential ...
A vertical datum is a reference surface for vertical positions, such as the elevations of Earth features including terrain, bathymetry, water level, and human-made structures. An approximate definition of sea level is the datum WGS 84 , an ellipsoid , whereas a more accurate definition is Earth Gravitational Model 2008 (EGM2008), using at least ...
In law, horizontal effect refers to the ability of legal requirements meant to apply only to public bodies to affect private rights. It arises where a court dealing with a legal dispute between purely private entities interprets a legal provision to be consistent with certain legal norms in such a way as to affect the legal rights and obligations of the parties before it.
In microeconomics, management and international political economy, vertical integration, also referred to as vertical consolidation, is an arrangement in which the supply chain of a company is integrated and owned by that company. Usually each member of the supply chain produces a different product or (market-specific) service, and the products ...
The horizontal direct effect of Directives is a contentious issue. Numerous Advocates General have supported the case for establishing horizontal direct effect. [10] However, the ECJ has always resisted a change of the Marshall case law as to allow a general right to invoke on unimplemented directives against private parties. [11]
That was certainly the case with Lilly, a 6-month-old Great Dane puppy who is completely unaware of just how big she really is! Lilly's mom shared a video on Monday, July 15th showing Lilly trying ...
Horizontal escalation is a direct contrast to vertical escalation which employs types of weapons not previously used in the conflict. That type of escalation also allows attacking new types of targets in order to have an upper hand to the other combatant. [1] During the Cold War, the risks associated with using escalation were much broader and ...
In the three-dimensional case, the situation is more complicated as now one has horizontal and vertical planes in addition to horizontal and vertical lines. Consider a point P and designate a direction through P as vertical. A plane which contains P and is normal to the designated direction is the horizontal plane at P.