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Elephants, the largest land mammals, still face being killed for their tusks. Help WWF’s elephant conservation efforts to fight poaching, conflict and habitat destruction.
There are two species of African elephants—the savanna (or bush) elephant and the forest elephant. Savanna elephants are larger than forest elephants, and their tusks curve outwards. In addition to being smaller, forest elephants are darker and their tusks are straighter and point downward.
Scientific Name. Loxodonta africana africana. Height. 10-13 feet. Weight. 4-7 tons. Habitats. All of sub-Saharan Africa except for Central Africa’s dense tropical forest. African savanna elephants are the largest species of elephant and the biggest terrestrial animal on Earth.
African forest elephants are the elusive cousin of the African savanna elephant. They inhabit the dense rainforests of west and central Africa. Their preference for dense forest habitat prohibits traditional counting methods such as visual identification.
The Asian elephant is the largest land mammal on the Asian continent. They inhabit dry to wet forest and grassland habitats in 13 range countries spanning South and Southeast Asia. While they have preferred forage plants, Asian elephants have adapted to surviving on resources that vary based on the area.
Learn about the Indian elephant, as well as the threats it faces, what WWF is doing to conserve its future, and how you can help.
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests. The Sri Lankan subspecies is the largest and also the darkest of the Asian elephants, with patches of depigmentation—areas with no skin color—on its ears, face, trunk and belly.
Elephas maximus borneensis. Height. 8.2 - 9.8 feet. Habitats. Forests. The smallest Asian elephant subspecies, Bornean elephants are distinctly smaller than their mainland cousins. They have long tails that sometimes touch the ground, relatively large ears, and straighter tusks.
The critically endangered Sumatran elephant is largely threatened due to poaching for their tusks, deforestation and habitat loss as a result human-elephant conflict. Learn more about what WWF is doing to protect its future, and how you can help.
WWF is committed to saving endangered species. Learn more about the species we are working to protecting from becoming endangered or extinct.