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Sodium chloride / ˌsoʊdiəm ˈklɔːraɪd /, [ 8] commonly known as edible salt, is an ionic compound with the chemical formula NaCl, representing a 1:1 ratio of sodium and chlorine ions. It is transparent or translucent, brittle, hygroscopic, and occurs as the mineral halite.
Solution (chemistry) Making a saline water solution by dissolving table salt ( NaCl) in water. The salt is the solute and the water the solvent. In chemistry, a solution is a special type of homogeneous mixture composed of two or more substances. In such a mixture, a solute is a substance dissolved in another substance, known as a solvent.
Salting out. Salting out (also known as salt-induced precipitation, salt fractionation, anti-solvent crystallization, precipitation crystallization, or drowning out) [ 1] is a purification technique that utilizes the reduced solubility of certain molecules in a solution of very high ionic strength. Salting out is typically used to precipitate ...
Note: ρ is density, n is refractive index at 589 nm, [clarification needed] and η is viscosity, all at 20 °C; T eq is the equilibrium temperature between two phases: ice/liquid solution for T eq < 0–0.1 °C and NaCl/liquid solution for T eq above 0.1 °C.
The process of electrochlorination is a simple application based on the chloralkali process (in an unpartitioned cell). It is the electrolysis of saltwater to produce a chlorinated solution. The first step is removing any solids from the saltwater. Next, the saltwater streams through an electrolyzer cell's channel of decreasing thickness.
Neutralization (chemistry) Animation of a strong acid–strong base neutralization titration (using phenolphthalein ). The equivalence point is marked in red. In chemistry, neutralization or neutralisation (see spelling differences) is a chemical reaction in which acid and a base react with an equivalent quantity of each other.
Thermodynamics. [edit] The electrolysis of water in standard conditions requires a theoretical minimum of 237 kJ of electrical energy input to dissociate each mole of water, which is the standard Gibbs free energyof formation of water. It also requires thermal energy to balance the change in entropy of the reaction.
Chlorine can be manufactured by the electrolysis of a sodium chloride solution ( brine ), which is known as the Chloralkali process. The production of chlorine results in the co-products caustic soda ( sodium hydroxide, NaOH) and hydrogen gas (H 2 ). These two products, as well as chlorine itself, are highly reactive.