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The Supreme Court of the United States is the only court specifically established by the Constitution of the United States, implemented in 1789; under the Judiciary Act of 1789, the Court was to be composed of six members—though the number of justices has been nine for most of its history, this number is set by Congress, not the Constitution.
2 U.S. 402 (1792) A State may sue in the Supreme Court to enjoin payment of a judgment on foreign debt until it can be ascertained to whom the money belongs. Hayburn's Case. 2 U.S. 409 (1792) justiciability and separation of powers. Georgia v. Brailsford. 2 U.S. 415 (1793) suits in which states may be a party; continuation of Georgia v.
Nixon. United States v. Nixon, 418 U.S. 683 (1974), was a landmark decision [ 1] of the Supreme Court of the United States in which the Court unanimously ordered President Richard Nixon to deliver tape recordings and other subpoenaed materials related to the Watergate scandal to a federal district court. Decided on July 24, 1974, the ruling was ...
September 29, 2005. The Supreme Court of the United States ( SCOTUS) is the highest court in the federal judiciary of the United States. It has ultimate appellate jurisdiction over all U.S. federal court cases, and over state court cases that turn on questions of U.S. constitutional or federal law. It also has original jurisdiction over a ...
This decision initiates a nationwide de facto moratorium on executions that lasts until the Supreme Court's decision in Gregg v. Georgia (1976). Gregg v. Georgia, 428 U.S. 153 (1976) Georgia's new death penalty statute is constitutional because it adequately narrows the class of defendants eligible for the death penalty. This case and the next ...
Virginia, 19 U.S. 264 (1821), the Supreme Court held that the Supremacy Clause and the judicial power granted in Article III give the Supreme Court the ultimate power to review state court decisions involving issues arising under the Constitution and laws of the United States. Therefore, the Supreme Court has the final say in matters involving ...
Court historians and other legal scholars consider each chief justice who presides over the Supreme Court of the United States to be the head of an era of the Court. [1] These lists are sorted chronologically by chief justice and include most major cases decided by the court.
A sitting president of the United States has both civil and criminal immunity for their official acts. [ a] Neither civil nor criminal immunity is explicitly granted in the Constitution or any federal statute. [ 1][ 2] The Supreme Court of the United States found in Nixon v. Fitzgerald (1982) that the president has absolute immunity from civil ...