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These are made of thin strips of Permalloy, a high magnetic permeability, nickel-iron alloy, whose electrical resistance varies with a change in magnetic field. They have a well-defined axis of sensitivity, can be produced in 3-D versions and can be mass-produced as an integrated circuit.
In such a case the Hall sensor is mounted in a gap in the magnetic core around the current conductor. [24] As a result, the DC magnetic flux can be measured, and the DC in the conductor can be calculated. Hall effect current sensor with internal integrated circuit amplifier. 8 mm opening.
A two axis magnetometer was mounted to the ATS-1 (Applications Technology Satellite). [20] One sensor was on a 15 cm boom and the other on the spacecraft's spin axis (Spin stabilized satellite). The Sun was used to sense the position of the boom mounted device, and triaxial vector measurements could be calculated.
Motion reference units are a kind of inertial measurement unit with single- or multi-axis motion sensors. They utilize MEMS gyroscopes. Some multi-axis MRUs are capable of measuring roll, pitch, yaw and heave. They have applications outside the aeronautical field, such as: [11] Antenna motion compensation and stabilization; Dynamic positioning
A MEMS magnetic field sensor is a small-scale microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) device for detecting and measuring magnetic fields (magnetometer). Many of these operate by detecting effects of the Lorentz force : a change in voltage or resonant frequency may be measured electronically, or a mechanical displacement may be measured optically.
A fluxgate inclinometer/compass. The basic fluxgate compass is a simple electromagnetic device that employs two or more small coils of wire around a core of highly permeable magnetic material, to directly sense the direction of the horizontal component of the Earth's magnetic field.
Thus, the magnetic force on each electron in the y-axis direction is cancelled by a y-axis electrical force due to the buildup of charges. The v x term is the drift velocity of the current which is assumed at this point to be holes by convention. The v x B z term is negative in the y-axis direction by the right hand rule.
This device consists of four magnetometers measuring the gradient of the magnetic field in three directions. Planar gradiometer. This device consists of two magnetometers placed next to each other. The result coming from the device is the difference in flux between the two loops. Each sensor type responds differently to certain spatial signals.