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Aluminium alloys are often used due to their high strength-to-weight ratio, corrosion resistance, low cost, high thermal and electrical conductivity.There are a variety of techniques to join aluminium including mechanical fasteners, welding, adhesive bonding, brazing, soldering and friction stir welding (FSW), etc. Various techniques are used based on the cost and strength required for the joint.
Close-up view of a friction stir weld tack tool. The bulkhead and nosecone of the Orion spacecraft are joined using friction stir welding. Joint designs. Friction stir welding (FSW) is a solid-state joining process that uses a non-consumable tool to join two facing workpieces without melting the workpiece material.
A J-groove is formed either with special cutting machinery or by grinding the joint edge into the form of a J. Although a J-groove is more difficult and costly to prepare than a V-groove, a single J-groove on metal between a half an inch and three-quarters of an inch thick provides a stronger weld that requires less filler material.
Very high-speed photography of a small projectile striking a thin aluminium plate at 7,000 m/s. The impact causes the projectile to disintegrate, and generates a large number of small fragments from the aluminium . This can occur without penetration of the plate. Spall are fragments of a material that are broken off a larger solid body.
A single piece pattern, or loose pattern, is the simplest. It is a replica of the desired casting—usually in a slightly larger size to offset the contraction of the intended metal. Gated patterns connect a number of loose patterns together with a series of runners that will be detached after shake-out.
Aluminium is a ductile metal, which means it possesses the ability for plastic flow with relative ease, presupposing a relatively consistent and significant plastic zone. High ductility and flowing material can be considered a general prerequisite for excessive material transfer and galling because frictional heating is closely linked to the ...
The annular snap-fit utilizes a hoop-strain to hold into place. Hoop-strain is the expansion of the circumference of the more elastic piece as it is pushed onto the more rigid piece. In most cases the design is circular. Some popular examples are pen caps, ball and socket joints, snap fasteners and some water bottle caps.
This process is often used to clad carbon steel or aluminium plate with a thin layer of a harder or more corrosion-resistant material (e.g., stainless steel, nickel alloy, titanium, or zirconium). Due to the nature of this process, producible geometries are very limited. Typical geometries produced include plates, tubing and tube sheets. [1]