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The OCSP responder uses the certificate serial number to look up the revocation status of Alice's certificate. The OCSP responder looks in a CA database that Carol maintains. In this scenario, Carol's CA database is the only trusted location where a compromise to Alice's certificate would be recorded.
The CTI value is used for electrical safety assessment of electrical apparatus, as for instance carried out by testing and certification laboratories. The minimum required creepage distances over an insulating material between electrically conducting parts in apparatus, especially between parts with a high voltage and parts that can be touched ...
A log appends new certificates to an ever-growing Merkle hash tree. [1]: §4 To be seen as behaving correctly, a log must: Verify that each submitted certificate or precertificate has a valid signature chain leading back to a trusted root certificate authority certificate. Refuse to publish certificates without this valid signature chain.
The Online Certificate Status Protocol (OCSP) stapling, formally known as the TLS Certificate Status Request extension, is a standard for checking the revocation status of X.509 digital certificates. [1]
The ISRG provides free and open-source reference implementations for ACME: certbot is a Python-based implementation of server certificate management software using the ACME protocol, [6] [7] [8] and boulder is a certificate authority implementation, written in Go. [9] Since 2015 a large variety of client options have appeared for all operating ...
This reversible status can be used to note the temporary invalidity of the certificate (e.g., if the user is unsure if the private key has been lost). If, in this example, the private key was found and nobody had access to it, the status could be reinstated, and the certificate is valid again, thus removing the certificate from future CRLs.
A series of incorrectly issued certificates from 2001 onwards [1] [2] damaged trust in publicly trusted certificate authorities, [3] and accelerated work on various security mechanisms, including Certificate Transparency to track misissuance, HTTP Public Key Pinning and DANE to block misissued certificates on the client side, and CAA to block misissuance on the certificate authority side.
A certificate may be revoked before it expires, for example because the secrecy of the private key has been compromised. Newer versions of popular browsers such as Firefox, [32] Opera, [33] and Internet Explorer on Windows Vista [34] implement the Online Certificate Status Protocol (OCSP) to verify that this is not