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During the heroin epidemic that afflicted Spain in the 1980s and 1990s, gitano shanty towns became central to the drug trade, a problem that afflicts Spain to this day. [34] Nevertheless, Spain is still considered a model for integration of gitano communities when compared to other countries with Romani populations in Eastern Europe. [35]
As of 2023, there were 630,795 Romanian citizens living in Spain. [7] Most of the immigration took place given economic reasons. The linguistic similarities between Romanian and Spanish, as well as Romanians' Latin identity, are also a reason for the country's attractiveness to Romanians. [8]
To distinguish Romanians from the other Romanic peoples of the Balkans (Aromanians, Megleno-Romanians, and Istro-Romanians), the term Daco-Romanian is sometimes used to refer to those who speak the standard Romanian language and live in the former territory of ancient Dacia (today comprising mostly Romania and Moldova) and its surroundings ...
Often, Romania is wrongly identified as the place of origin of the Roma because of the similar name Roma/Romani and Romanians. Romanians derive their name from the Latin romanus, meaning "Roman", [232] referencing the Roman conquest of Dacia. (The Dacians were a sub-group of the Thracians.)
Romanians abroad have been able to vote since Friday. The final vote could see George Simion, the leader of the far-right Alliance for the Unity of Romanians, or AUR, face off against incumbent Prime Minister Marcel Ciolacu, who is backed by Romania’s largest party, the Social Democratic Party or PSD.
As of 2024, there were 8,915,831 foreign-born people in Spain, making up to 18.31% of the Spanish population [41] Of these, 6,581,028 (13.51%) didn't have Spanish citizenship. [ 42 ] [ 43 ] This makes Spain one of the world's preferred destinations to immigrate to , being the 4th country in Europe by immigration numbers and the 10th worldwide.
Romanies in Spain are generally known as Gitanos and tend to speak Caló, a kind of Andalusian Spanish with a large number of Romani loanwords. [137] Estimates of the Spanish Gitano population range between 600,000 and 1,500,000 with the Spanish government estimating between 650,000 and 700,000. [ 138 ]
These dialects share some common features; among these is the retention of more Arabic words than elsewhere in Spain, [187] [188] as well as some phonological differences compared with Standard Spanish, but there is no clear border for the linguistic region. [189]