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The muckrakers played a highly visible role during the Progressive Era. [1] Muckraking magazines—notably McClure's of the publisher S. S. McClure —took on corporate monopolies and political machines , while trying to raise public awareness and anger at urban poverty , unsafe working conditions, prostitution , and child labor . [ 2 ]
Lewis Wickes Hine (September 26, 1874 – November 3, 1940) was an American sociologist and muckraker photographer. His photographs that were taken during times such as the Progressive Era and the Great Depression, which captured the result of young children working in harsh conditions, played a role in bringing about the passage of the first child labor laws in the United States.
These children were exposed to propaganda and indoctrinated to value strong nationalism and loyalty to the United States and its allies. Therefore, when World War II was on the forefront, many of the adults in the United States still harbored negative feelings toward the Germans because of their schooling during World War I. [ 17 ]
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Joseph Lincoln Steffens (April 6, 1866 – August 9, 1936) was an American investigative journalist and one of the leading muckrakers of the Progressive Era in the early 20th century. He launched a series of articles in McClure's , called "Tweed Days in St. Louis", [ 1 ] that would later be published together in a book titled The Shame of the ...
The Bitter Cry of the Children is a book by socialist writer John Spargo, a muckraker and investigative journalist from the Progressive Period. Published in 1906, it is an exposé of the horrific working conditions of child laborers in the early 1900's. He discusses the works of the children he saw very emotionally.
World War I affected children in the United States through several social and economic changes in the school curriculum and through shifts in parental relationships. For example, a number of fathers and brothers entered the war, and many were subsequently maimed in action or killed, causing many children to be brought up by single mothers. [61]
McClure's or McClure's Magazine (1893–1929) was an American illustrated monthly periodical popular at the turn of the 20th century. [1] The magazine is credited with having started the tradition of muckraking journalism (investigative, watchdog, or reform journalism), and helped direct the moral compass of the day.