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The first weather satellite to be considered a success was TIROS-1, launched by NASA on April 1, 1960. [5] TIROS operated for 78 days and proved to be much more successful than Vanguard 2. Other early weather satellite programs include the 1962 Defense Satellite Applications Program (DSAP) [6] and the 1964 Soviet Meteor series.
The TIROS-1 magnetic tape data recorder.. TIROS 1 was an 18-sided right prism, 107 centimetres (42 in) across opposite corners and 56 centimetres (22 in) high.. Spacecraft power was supplied by approximately 9000 1 centimetre (0.39 in)- by 2 centimetres (0.79 in) silicon solar cells mounted on the cover assembly and by 21 nickel-cadmium batteries.
Television InfraRed Observation Satellite (TIROS) is a series of early weather satellites launched by the United States, beginning with TIROS-1 in 1960. TIROS was the first satellite that was capable of remote sensing of the Earth, enabling scientists to view the Earth from a new perspective: space. [1]
The first television image of Earth from space from the TIROS-1 weather satellite. 1959 – The first weather satellite, Vanguard 2, was launched on February 17. It was designed to measure cloud cover, but a poor axis of rotation kept it from collecting a notable amount of useful data.
Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite. The first precise carbon dioxide observing satellite and precursor to OCO-2. Himawari 8 and 9: Active Japan Meteorological Agency: 2014 Similar to NASA's GOES satellites. ICESat-2: Active NASA 2018 Measures ice sheet height changes for climate change diagnoses. [16] [17] IMS-1: Active ISRO: 2008 ISS: Active
[5] [6] As the first weather satellite and one of the first orbital space missions, the launch of Vanguard 2 was an important milestone in the Space Race between the United States and the Soviet Union. [7] [8] [5] Vanguard 2 remains in orbit. The Universal newsreel about Vanguard 2 The Vanguard 2 satellite sketch
The first in a series of second-generation meteorological research-and-development satellites, Nimbus 1 was designed to serve as a stabilized, Earth-oriented platform for the testing of advanced meteorological sensor systems and for collecting meteorological data.
Meteor-1-1 was the Soviet Union's first fully operational weather satellite, and was launched 26 March 1969 on a Vostok rocket. It weighed between 1,200 and 1,400 kilograms, and was originally placed in orbit at an altitude of 650 km. Two solar panels were automatically oriented toward the Sun. It ceased operations in July 1970. [1]