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The idea came about because of the political and ecclesiastical prominence of these five sees, but the concept of their universal and exclusive authority was attached to earlier Hellenistic-Christian ideas of administration. [4] The pentarchy was first legally expressed in the legislation of Emperor Justinian I, particularly in Novella 131. [5]
Patriarchate (/ ˈ p eɪ t r i ɑːr k ɪ t,-k eɪ t /, UK also / ˈ p æ t r i-/; [1] Ancient Greek: πατριαρχεῖον, patriarcheîon) is an ecclesiological term in Christianity, designating the office and jurisdiction of an ecclesiastical patriarch. According to Christian tradition three patriarchates were established by the apostles ...
The Limits of the Five Patriarchates is a Greek text describing the five patriarchates of Christianity in the Middle Ages. It is found appended to some manuscripts of the New Testament . The text's sequence and validity of patriarchates is different from the traditional Pentarchy established by ecumenical councils , [ 1 ] with Jerusalem moved ...
Cyprian (c. 200 – 258) was bishop of Carthage and an important early Christian writer. He was born in North Africa, probably at the beginning of the 3rd century, perhaps at Carthage, where he received an excellent classical education. After converting to Christianity, he became a bishop and eventually died a martyr at Carthage.
1999 Radical orthodoxy Christian theological movement begins, critiquing modern secularism and emphasizing the return to traditional doctrine; similar to the Paleo-orthodoxy Christian theological movement of the late 20th and early 21st centuries, which sees the consensual understanding of the faith among the Church Fathers as the basis of ...
The following is a list of Christian Church Fathers. Roman Catholics generally regard the Patristic period to have ended with the death of John of Damascus in 749. [citation needed] However, Orthodox Christians believe that the Patristic period is ongoing. [citation needed] Therefore, the list is split into two tables.
Early Christians gathered in small private homes, [2] known as house churches, but a city's whole Christian community would also be called a "church"—the Greek noun ἐκκλησία (ekklesia) literally means "assembly", "gathering", or "congregation" [3] [4] but is translated as "church" in most English translations of the New Testament.
[5] [6] This was part of a gradual split between early Christianity and Judaism, as Christianity became a distinct religion including predominantly Gentile adherence. [5] Jerusalem had an early Christian community, which was led by James the Just, Peter, and John. [7] According to Acts 11:26, Antioch was where the followers were first called ...