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2 La + 3 H 2 SO 4 → La 2 (SO 4) 3 + 3 H 2. The anhydrous compound can be produced by heating the hydrates to 300 °C. If heated further, anhydrous lanthanum(III) sulfate decomposes to La 2 O 2 SO 4 at 775 °C, which in turn decomposes to lanthanum(III) oxide at 1100 °C. [2]
Anhydrous lanthanum(III) chloride can be produced by the ammonium chloride route. [3] [4] [5] In the first step, lanthanum oxide is heated with ammonium chloride to produce the ammonium salt of the pentachloride: La 2 O 3 + 10 NH 4 Cl → 2 (NH 4) 2 LaCl 5 + 6 H 2 O + 6 NH 3
Lanthanum(III) iodide is very soluble in water and is deliquescent. [4] Anhydrous lanthanum(III) iodide reacts with tetrahydrofuran to form a photoluminescent complex, LaI 3 (THF) 4, with an average La–I bond length of 3.16 Å. [6] [7] This complex is a starting material for amide and cyclopentadienyl complexes of lanthanum. [6] [8]
Lanthanide chlorides are a group of chemical compounds that can form between a lanthanide element (from lanthanum to lutetium) and chlorine.The lanthanides in these compounds are usually in the +2 and +3 oxidation states, although compounds with lanthanides in lower oxidation states exist.
Lanthanum(III) bromide (LaBr 3) is an inorganic halide salt of lanthanum. When pure, it is a colorless white powder. The single crystals of LaBr 3 are hexagonal crystals with melting point of 783 °C. It is highly hygroscopic and water-soluble. There are several hydrates, La 3 Br·x H 2 O, of the salt also known. It is often used as a source of ...
Lanthanum reacts with the halogens at room temperature to form the trihalides, and upon warming will form binary compounds with the nonmetals nitrogen, carbon, sulfur, phosphorus, boron, selenium, silicon and arsenic. [16] [17] Lanthanum reacts slowly with water to form lanthanum(III) hydroxide, La(OH) 3. [33]
Lanthanum(III) sulfide can be prepared from the effect of sulfur vapor on metallic lanthanum: 2 La + 3 S → La 2 S 3. It can also be prepared from the effect of hydrogen sulfide on lanthanum: 2 La + 3H 2 S → La 2 S 3 + 3 H 2. The effect of hydrogen sulfide on lanthanum oxide in the presence of reducing agents also produces lanthanum(III ...
Lanthanum(III) nitrate is any inorganic compound with the chemical formula La(NO 3) 3 ·xH 2 O. It is used in the extraction and purification of lanthanum from its ores. [5] The compound decomposes at 499°C to lanthanum oxide, nitric oxide and oxygen. [3]