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Mitosis occurs only in eukaryotic cells and varies between organisms. [9] For example, animal cells generally undergo an open mitosis, where the nuclear envelope breaks down before the chromosomes separate, whereas fungal cells generally undergo a closed mitosis, where chromosomes divide within an intact cell nucleus.
A diagram of the mitotic phases. Mitosis is the process by which a eukaryotic cell separates the chromosomes in its cell nucleus into two identical sets in two nuclei. [8] During the process of mitosis the pairs of chromosomes condense and attach to microtubules that pull the sister chromatids to opposite sides of the cell. [9]
Due to their structural differences, eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells do not divide in the same way. Also, the pattern of cell division that transforms eukaryotic stem cells into gametes (sperm cells in males or egg cells in females), termed meiosis, is different from that of the division of somatic cells in the body. Cell division over 42.
The factual accuracy of this diagram or the file name is disputed. Reason: During anaphase microtubules from different poles at the center of the cell, that are not connected to chromosomes, should be connected to each other and form spindle midzone, that will help during cytokinesis; e.g. fig.1 at Cytokinetic Abscission: Molecular Mechanisms ...
The origin of the eukaryotic cell, or eukaryogenesis, is a milestone in the evolution of life, since eukaryotes include all complex cells and almost all multicellular organisms. The last eukaryotic common ancestor (LECA) is the hypothetical origin of all living eukaryotes, [ 71 ] and was most likely a biological population , not a single ...
Cytokinesis (/ ˌ s aɪ t oʊ k ɪ ˈ n iː s ɪ s /) is the part of the cell division process and part of mitosis during which the cytoplasm of a single eukaryotic cell divides into two daughter cells. Cytoplasmic division begins during or after the late stages of nuclear division in mitosis and meiosis.
In cell biology, the spindle apparatus is the cytoskeletal structure of eukaryotic cells that forms during cell division to separate sister chromatids between daughter cells. It is referred to as the mitotic spindle during mitosis , a process that produces genetically identical daughter cells, or the meiotic spindle during meiosis , a process ...
The centrosome is thought to have evolved only in the metazoan lineage of eukaryotic cells. [2] Fungi and plants lack centrosomes and therefore use other structures to organize their microtubules. [3] [4] Although the centrosome has a key role in efficient mitosis in animal cells, it is not essential in certain fly and flatworm species. [5] [6] [7]