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This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 11 February 2025. "Skin pigmentation" redirects here. For animal skin pigmentation, see Biological pigment. Extended Coloured family from South Africa showing some spectrum of human skin coloration Human skin color ranges from the darkest brown to the lightest hues. Differences in skin color among ...
Alfred Blaschko, a private practice dermatologist from Berlin, first described and drew the patterns of the lines of Blaschko in 1901. He obtained his data by studying over 140 patients with various nevoid and acquired skin diseases and transposed the visible patterns the diseases followed onto dolls and statues, then compiled the patterns onto a composite schematic of the human body.
For the average adult human, the skin has a surface area of 1.5–2.0 square metres (15–20 sq ft). The thickness of the skin varies considerably over all parts of the body, and between men and women, and young and old. An example is the skin on the forearm, which is on average 1.3 mm in males and 1.26 mm in females. [4]
The trunk of the body contains, from superior to inferior, the thoracic region encompassing the chest [1] the mammary region encompassing each breast; the sternal region encompassing the sternum; the abdominal region encompassing the stomach area; the umbilical region is located around the navel; the coxal region encompassing the lateral (side ...
Various differential diagnoses of pigmented skin lesions, by relative rates upon biopsy and malignancy potential, including "melanoma" at right. Looking at or visually inspecting the area in question is the most common method of suspecting a melanoma. [68] Moles that are irregular in color or shape are typically treated as candidates.
Micrograph of Melanin pigment (light refracting granular material—center of image) in a pigmented melanoma. Micrograph of the epidermis, with melanin labeled at left. Melanin ( / ˈ m ɛ l ə n ɪ n / ⓘ ; from Ancient Greek μέλας ( mélas ) 'black, dark') is a family of biomolecules organized as oligomers or polymers , which among ...
Vitiligo is a skin disease where people lack melanin in certain areas in the skin. People with oculocutaneous albinism typically have a very low level of melanin production. Albinism is often but not always related to the TYR gene coding the tyrosinase enzyme. Tyrosinase is required for melanocytes to produce melanin from the amino acid ...
A male breast. The human areola (areola mammae, / ə ˈ r iː ə l ə / [1] [2] or / ˌ ær i ˈ oʊ l ə / [2] [3]) is the pigmented area on the breast around the nipple.More generally, an areola is a small circular area on the body with a different histology from the surrounding tissue, or other small circular areas such as an inflamed region of skin.