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This 'vent sealing' name remained part of British nomenclature, rather than a clearer name of 'primer' or 'firing' tubes, as used elesewhere. [2] Friction T-tube, British Mk IV of 1914. The common friction primer is a copper tube, packed with powder, having at the upper end a short branch (called a nib piece) at right angles.
Early friction primer tube photographed in Heinola, Finland in 2015. The wire loop may be attached to a lanyard.A sharp tug on the lanyard pulls the roughened slider wire through the priming mixture which responds like a match, igniting the gunpowder in the tube through the touch hole into the main powder charge within the chamber of the cannon.
Chemistry tubes are available in a multitude of lengths and widths, typically from 10 to 20 mm wide and 50 to 200 mm long. [1] The top often features a flared lip to aid pouring out the contents. A chemistry test tube typically has a flat bottom, a round bottom, or a conical bottom.
Stokes' law is the basis of the falling-sphere viscometer, in which the fluid is stationary in a vertical glass tube. A sphere of known size and density is allowed to descend through the liquid. If correctly selected, it reaches terminal velocity, which can be measured by the time it takes to pass two marks on the tube.
Since the shearing flow is opposed by friction between adjacent layers of fluid (which are in relative motion), a force is required to sustain the motion of the upper plate. The relative strength of this force is a measure of the fluid's viscosity. In a general parallel flow, the shear stress is proportional to the gradient of the velocity.
PTFE (fluoropolymer) tubes have a wide operating temperature range (-55 to 175 °C), a low coefficient of friction, and high resistance to chemicals and punctures. [7] Viton, another fluoropolymer with high chemical resistance, is widely used in hydraulic equipment. It is highly flexible, with a very wide operating temperature range of -55 to ...
Tribology is the science and engineering of understanding friction, lubrication and wear phenomena for interacting surfaces in relative motion.It is highly interdisciplinary, drawing on many academic fields, including physics, chemistry, materials science, mathematics, biology and engineering. [1]
Crude versions of conically tapered ground glass joints have been made for quite a while, [1] particularly for stoppers for glass bottles and retorts. [2] Crude glass joints could still be made to seal well by grinding the two parts of a joint against each other using an abrasive grit, but this led to variations between joints and they would not seal well if mated to a different joint.