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English: Diagram of the internal structure of the two metamers of an Oligochaete. Names of individual elements: intestinal lumen; Typhlosole; bristles; cuticle; blood vessels; epithelium; circular muscles; intersegmental partition; tubule ending with an excretory opening (metanephridium) nephrostome; segmental ganglion
Oligochaetes are well-segmented worms and most have a spacious body cavity (coelom) used as a hydroskeleton.They range in length from less than 0.5 mm (0.02 in) up to 2 to 3 metres (6.6 to 9.8 ft) in the 'giant' species such as the giant Gippsland earthworm (Megascolides australis) and the Mekong worm (Amynthas mekongianus).
The pharynx (pl.: pharynges) is the part of the throat behind the mouth and nasal cavity, and above the esophagus and trachea (the tubes going down to the stomach and the lungs respectively). It is found in vertebrates and invertebrates, though its structure varies across species. The pharynx carries food to the esophagus and air to the larynx.
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Leech anatomy in cross-section: the body is solid, the coelom (body cavity) reduced to channels, with circular, longitudinal, and transverse muscles making the animal strong and flexible. [ 26 ] Like most annelids, with a few exceptions like Sipuncula , Echiura and Diurodrilus , [ 27 ] the leech is a segmented animal, but unlike other annelids ...
In vertebrate anatomy, the throat is the front part of the neck, internally positioned in front of the vertebrae.It contains the pharynx and larynx.An important section of it is the epiglottis, separating the esophagus from the trachea (windpipe), preventing food and drinks being inhaled into the lungs.
The plexus provides motor innervation to most muscles of the soft palate (all but the tensor veli palatini muscle) and most muscles of the pharynx (all but the stylopharyngeus muscle). [1] The larynx meanwhile receives motor innervation from the vagus nerve (CN X) via its external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve and its recurrent ...
By differential growth the neck elongates and new arches form, so the pharynx has six arches ultimately. Each pharyngeal arch has a cartilaginous stick, a muscle component that differentiates from the cartilaginous tissue, an artery, and a cranial nerve. Each of these is surrounded by mesenchyme. Arches do not develop simultaneously but instead ...