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"Command is exercised by virtue of office and the special assignment of members of the Armed Forces holding military rank who are eligible to exercise command." [2] In general, military personnel give orders only to those directly below them in the chain of command and receive orders only from those directly above them.
U.S. Navy commander Ann Claire Phillips, first commanding officer of USS Mustin, in 2003. In the United States, commander is a military rank that is also sometimes used as a military billet title—the designation of someone who manages living quarters or a base—depending on the branch of service.
Communist states have, on several occasions, abolished the use of ranks (e.g., the Soviet Red Army 1918–1935, [9] the Chinese People's Liberation Army 1965–1988, [10] and the Albanian People's Army 1966–1991 [11]), but they have had to re-establish them after encountering operational difficulties in command and control.
The structure of United States military ranks had its roots in British military traditions, adopting the same or similar ranks and titles. At the start of the American Revolutionary War in 1775, the Continental Army's lack of standardized uniforms and insignia proved confusing for soldiers in the field.
A general officer is an officer of high military rank; in the uniformed services of the United States, general officers are commissioned officers above the field officer ranks, the highest of which is colonel in the Army, Marine Corps, Air Force, and Space Force and captain in the Navy, Coast Guard, Public Health Service Commissioned Corps (PHSCC), and National Oceanic and Atmospheric ...
Commander: Wing commander: Major or commandant: Corvette captain or Lieutenant ... World War II German Army ranks and insignia; Military ranks of the Luftwaffe (1935 ...
The rank of commander (Comandor in Romanian) is used by both the Romanian Air Force and Romanian Naval Forces. It is equivalent to the army rank of Colonel . In both cases, the rank is above Căpitan-comandor (lit. ' Captain-commander ', OF-4). In the air force, Comandor is below the rank of General de flotilă aeriană (lit.
Rank order Highest rank Branch President Combat experience Service notes 2 General of the Army United States Army (Regular army) Dwight D. Eisenhower: Supreme Commander of the Allied Invasion of Europe, primarily the Battles for Normandy, France and Germany World War II.