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While shotguns had been used in earlier conflicts, the trench warfare of World War I demonstrated a need for standardized weapons and ammunition. [2] Initial issue with each shotgun was one hundred commercial-production paper-cased shotgun shells containing nine 00 buckshot pellets 0.33 inches (8.4 mm) in diameter.
The military used .22-caliber training rifles to teach basic marksmanship before transitioning to full-bore service rifles. T1AAA = 10,000 cartridges of .22 Long Rifle Ball, in 50-round cartons. They were packed 10 cartons per cardboard box (500 rounds) and there were 20 boxes per wooden crate.
The Winchester Model 1897 was designed by American firearms inventor John Moses Browning. The Model 1897 was first listed for sale in the November 1897 Winchester catalog as a 12 gauge solid frame. [5] The 12 gauge takedown model was added in October 1898, and the 16 gauge takedown model in February 1900. [6]
The most common type of ammunition used in combat shotguns, whether for military or law enforcement purposes, is buckshot, typically a 70 mm (2 3 ⁄ 4 inch) 12-gauge shell loaded with nine hardened 00 buckshot, with a diameter of about 8.4 mm (0.33 in).
The Australian system is similar, except that it has 00-SG, a small-game cartridge filled with 00 buckshot. Loads of 12-gauge 00 buckshot are commonly available in cartridges holding from 8 (eight) to 18 (eighteen) pellets in standard lengths (2 + 3 ⁄ 4 inches, 3 inches, and 3 + 1 ⁄ 2). Reduced-recoil 00 buckshot is often used in tactical ...
American Derringer and Winchester market ammunition loaded with five 000 buckshot pellets in 3-inch (76 mm) shells and three pellets in 2.5-inch (64 mm) shells. [ 6 ] [ 7 ] Combination shells such as Winchester Supreme Elite .410 shells are loaded with three 71 grain disks and twelve BB pellets.
In response Olin and Winchester developed a 3 in (76 mm) belted brass cartridge, containing 8 3.1 g (0.11 oz) tungsten alloy pellets fired at 538 m/s (1,770 ft/s) and capable of penetrating 20 mm (0.79 in) pine or 1.5 mm (0.059 in) mild steel plate barrier at 150 m (160 yd). [2]
The civilian headstamp has the "SBR" at 12 o'clock and the caliber at 6 o'clock. On the military headstamp the "SB" is at 12 o'clock and the "R" is at 6 o'clock. It manufactured 7,92mm Mauser and .303 British military ammunition because most of the regional powers used either captured German or Austrian war surplus or British military aid.