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  2. Type conversion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_conversion

    Implicit type conversion, also known as coercion or type juggling, is an automatic type conversion by the compiler. Some programming languages allow compilers to provide coercion; others require it. In a mixed-type expression, data of one or more subtypes can be converted to a supertype as needed at runtime so that the program will run correctly.

  3. Operators in C and C++ - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operators_in_C_and_C++

    explicit K:: operator R (); since C++11 — Note: for user-defined conversions, the return type implicitly and necessarily matches the operator name unless the type is inferred (e.g. operator auto (), operator decltype (auto)() etc.). dynamic cast conversion dynamic_cast<R>(a) No: No — const_cast conversion const_cast<R>(a) No: No ...

  4. C++ - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C++

    C++ (/ ˈ s iː p l ʌ s p l ʌ s /, pronounced "C plus plus" and sometimes abbreviated as CPP) is a high-level, general-purpose programming language created by Danish computer scientist Bjarne Stroustrup.

  5. Single-precision floating-point format - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single-precision_floating...

    Conversion of the fractional part: Consider 0.375, the fractional part of 12.375. To convert it into a binary fraction, multiply the fraction by 2, take the integer part and repeat with the new fraction by 2 until a fraction of zero is found or until the precision limit is reached which is 23 fraction digits for IEEE 754 binary32 format.

  6. Type punning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_punning

    In C and C++, constructs such as pointer type conversion and union — C++ adds reference type conversion and reinterpret_cast to this list — are provided in order to permit many kinds of type punning, although some kinds are not actually supported by the standard language.

  7. C++20 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C++20

    C++20 is a version of the ISO/IEC 14882 standard for the C++ programming language. C++20 replaced the prior version of the C++ standard, called C++17 , and was later replaced by C++23 . [ 1 ] The standard was technically finalized [ 2 ] by WG21 at the meeting in Prague in February 2020, [ 3 ] had its final draft version announced in March 2020 ...

  8. Type system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_system

    For example, suppose that a program defines two types, A and B, where B is a subtype of A. If the program tries to convert a value of type A to type B, which is known as downcasting, then the operation is legal only if the value being converted is actually a value of type B. Thus, a dynamic check is needed to verify that the operation is safe.

  9. Covariance and contravariance (computer science) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Covariance_and_contra...

    In programming languages that support generics (a.k.a. parametric polymorphism), the programmer can extend the type system with new constructors. For example, a C# interface like IList < T > makes it possible to construct new types like IList < Animal > or IList < Cat >. The question then arises what the variance of these type constructors ...