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For Catholics, fasting is the reduction of one's intake of food, while abstinence refers to refraining from something that is good, and not inherently sinful, such as meat. The Catholic Church teaches that all people are obliged by God to perform some penance for their sins, and that these acts of penance are both personal and corporeal.
The rules regarding fasting, prayer and other works of piety are set by each church sui iuris and the faithful should follow those rules wherever taking Communion. [5] The rules of the Eastern Catholic Churches of Byzantine tradition correspond to those of the Eastern Orthodox Church, as detailed in the next section. [citation needed]
The Reformed Church in America describes the first day of Lent, Ash Wednesday, as a day "focused on prayer, fasting, and repentance" and considers fasting a focus of the whole Lenten season, [75] as demonstrated in the "Invitation to Observe a Lenten Discipline", found in the Reformed liturgy for the Ash Wednesday service, which is read by the ...
For example, the Reformed Church in America, a Mainline Protestant denomination, describes the first day of Lent, Ash Wednesday, as a day "focused on prayer, fasting, and repentance," encouraging members to "observe a Holy Lent, by self-examination and penitence, by prayer and fasting, by practicing works of love, and by reading and reflecting ...
Saint Augustine's Prayer Book, a resource for Anglo-Catholics, defines "Fasting" as "usually meaning not more than a light breakfast, one full meal, and one-half meal, on the forty days of Lent." [53] The same text defines abstinence as refraining from flesh meat on all Fridays of the Church Year, except for those during Christmastide. [53]
Prayer in the Catholic Church is "the raising of one's mind and heart to God or the requesting of good things from God." [1] It is an act of the moral virtue of religion, which Catholic theologians identify as a part of the cardinal virtue of justice.
He also relaxed the fasting requirement for the sick and travelers, those engaged in exhausting physical labor, and priests who celebrate several Masses on the same day. In 1957, with Sacram Communionem , he replaced the fast from midnight with a three-hour fast from solid food and alcohol and a one-hour fast from other liquids.
The observance of fasting and abstinence in the Catholic Church eliminated the Ember days in 1966. They remain a feature of other Western churches, such as in Anglicanism, where the Book of Common Prayer provides for the Ember days, in practice observed in different ways. [3] [4]
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