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[3] [4] [7] [8] That is, the legislation must be able to be broken down into multiple benefits dispersed among recipients and “what is being distributed can be dispensed in small units”. [7] Lowi says distributive policies "are virtually not policies at all but are highly individualized decisions that only by accumulation can be called a ...
[1] As of 2022, research has not shown the origin behind universalism as a practice due to a lack of controlled data. According to cultural psychologists, democracy and universalism have a positive correlation but there are no studies that show how universalism is shaped by people's experiences and environments (p.1). [3]
[3] universalism: scientific validity is independent of the sociopolitical status/personal attributes of its participants. [4] disinterestedness: scientific institutions act for the benefit of a common scientific enterprise, rather than for specific outcomes [5] or the resulting personal gain of individuals within them.
Moral universalism (also called moral objectivism or universal morality) is the meta-ethical position that some system of ethics applies universally. That system is inclusive of all individuals, [ 7 ] regardless of culture , race , sex , religion , nationality , sexual orientation , or any other distinguishing feature. [ 8 ]
The concept of universalizability was set out by the 18th-century German philosopher Immanuel Kant as part of his work Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals.It is part of the first formulation of his categorical imperative, which states that the only morally acceptable maxims of our actions are those that could rationally be willed to be universal law.
Universalism is a theological and philosophical concept that some ideas have universal application or applicability. A community that calls itself universalist may emphasize the universal principles of most religions, and accept others in an inclusive manner. It is centered around the belief in a universal reconciliation between humanity and ...
In practice, whilst many countries will recognise foreign bankruptcy proceedings, in many instances the courts have set some limits on the recognition of insolvency proceedings, such that the courts apply this principle of modified universality whereby the courts retain a discretion to assess whether the overseas proceedings are consistent with ...
Moses Amyraut (1596–1664), after whom Amyraldism is named.. Amyraldism (sometimes Amyraldianism) is a Calvinist doctrine. It is also known as the School of Saumur, post redemptionism, [1] [2] moderate Calvinism, [3] or hypothetical universalism. [4]