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Aortic unfolding is an abnormality visible on a chest X-ray, that shows widening of the mediastinum which may mimic the appearance of a thoracic aortic aneurysm. [1]With aging, the ascending portion of the thoracic aorta increases in length by approximately 12% per decade, whereas the diameter increases by just 3% per decade.
Chest X-rays most sensitive finding is a widened mediastinum of greater than 8 cm. [4] An apical cap and displacement of the trachea to either side of the chest from midline can also be seen. [9] A normal chest X-ray, however, does not exclude a diagnosis of thoracic aortic injury. [ 4 ]
A chest X-ray can also assist in the diagnosis and provide clues as to the severity of the disease, showing the degree of calcification of the valve, and in a chronic condition, an enlarged left ventricle [12] [24] and atrium. [12]
Patients with aortic stenosis can have chest X-ray findings showing dilation of the ascending aorta, but they may also have a completely normal chest X-ray. [29] Direct visualization of calcifications on chest X-ray is uncommon. [29] Other findings include dilation of the left ventricle. [29]
Aortic regurgitation (AR), also known as aortic insufficiency (AI), is the leaking of the aortic valve of the heart that causes blood to flow in the reverse direction during ventricular diastole, from the aorta into the left ventricle. As a consequence, the cardiac muscle is forced to work harder than normal.
Chest trauma leading to aortic dissection can be divided into two groups based on cause: blunt chest trauma (commonly seen in car accidents) and iatrogenic. Iatrogenic causes include trauma during cardiac catheterization or due to an intra-aortic balloon pump. [citation needed] Aortic dissection may be a late sequela of heart surgery. About 18% ...
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