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The 2022 South Asian floods, including in Pakistan (pictured) are an example of a climate change impact. [ 31 ] [ 32 ] Climate change is particularly important in Asia , as the continent accounts for the majority of the human population.
The 2022 South Asian floods, including in Pakistan (pictured) are an example of a climate change impact. [1] [2] Climate change is particularly important in Asia, as the continent accounts for the majority of the human population. Warming since the 20th century is increasing the threat of heatwaves across the entire continent.
Climate of South Asia is largely characterised by monsoons. South Asia depends critically on monsoon rainfall. [202] Two monsoon systems exist in the region: [203] The summer monsoon: Wind blows from the southwest to most parts of the region. It accounts for 70%–90% of the annual precipitation. The winter monsoon: Wind blows from the northeast.
A visualisation of the South Asian Monsoon based on the Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Station data (CHIRPS) 30+ year quasi-global rainfall dataset, analysed and visualised using Google Earth Engine. Annual average monsoon precipitation in India over 110 years. The long-term average has been 899 millimeters of precipitation. [1]
From January to October 2022, excessive rainfall and widespread monsoon flooding occurred in the South Asian countries of Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. It has become the region's deadliest floods since 2020, with over 4,700 people dead.
A May study by the World Weather Attribution found that the heat wave was made at least 30 times more likely by climate change in India and Bangladesh, [81] [53] and that climate change raised temperatures by at least 2 °C (3.6 °F) in many parts of Asia in April. [82] [52] [53]
Southeast Asia's traditional wet season, which typically spans October through March, is driven by the Australian-Indonesian monsoon (AIM) system. This meteorological phenomenon generates air currents flowing from Asia toward Australia, transporting significant moisture that results in substantial precipitation across the region.
Dry-winter subtropical highland climate (Cwb) is a type of climate mainly found in highlands inside the tropics of Central America, South America, Africa, and South and Southeast Asia or areas in the subtropics. Winters are noticeable and dry, and summers can be very rainy.