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Italian Eritrea (Italian: Colonia Eritrea, "Colony of Eritrea") was a colony of the Kingdom of Italy in the territory of present-day Eritrea.The first Italian establishment in the area was the purchase of Assab by the Rubattino Shipping Company in 1869, which came under government control in 1882.
The Italian Eritreans strongly rejected the Ethiopian annexation of Eritrea after the war: the Party of Shara Italy of Dr. Vincenzo Di Meglio was established in Asmara in July 1947, and majority of the members were former Italian soldiers and many Eritrean Ascari (the organization was backed up by the government of Italy). This party ruled by ...
Italy has had a connection with Eritrea since the acquisition of Assab in 1869 by Raffaele Rubattino. [3] Eritrea officially became an Italian colony in 1889. [4] Prior to the racial laws of Fascist Italy, mixed race children of Italian fathers and Eritrean mothers were entitled to Italian citizenship, as long as they were legally recognized by their fathers. [5]
The colonial government did not look favourably on unions between Italian men and Eritrean women. "In 1940, the 'Norme relative ai meticci' (Law No. 822 of 13 May 1940) prohibited Italians from recognising children had by Africans and from contributing to their maintenance, and assigned to meticci the legal status of colonial subjects". [7]
Italian Eritrea, 1922. Enlargement and transformation of Italian Eritrea into Eritrea Governorate of the Italian East Africa, 1936–1941. This article lists the colonial governors of Italian Eritrea from 1890 to 1941. They administered the territory on behalf of the Kingdom of Italy.
Their ancestry dates back from the beginning of the Italian colonization of Eritrea at the end of the 19th century, but only during 1930s they settled in large numbers. [5] In the 1939 census of Eritrea there were more than 76,000 Eritrean Italians, most of them living in Asmara (53,000 out of the city's total of 93,000).
Italy's Fascist regime encouraged Italian peasants to colonize Ethiopia by setting up farms and small manufacturing businesses. [17]: 5 However, few Italians came to the Ethiopian colony, with most going to Eritrea and Somalia.
This was eventually followed by the Italo-Ethiopian War of 1887–1889, in which Italy occupied the Ethiopian territory in present-day Eritrea, founding the colony of Italian Eritrea. Years later, the disputed Treaty of Wuchale led to the First Italo-Ethiopian War between 1894 and 1896, where the Ethiopians (supported by Russia and France ...