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ggplot2 is an open-source data visualization package for the statistical programming language R.Created by Hadley Wickham in 2005, ggplot2 is an implementation of Leland Wilkinson's Grammar of Graphics—a general scheme for data visualization which breaks up graphs into semantic components such as scales and layers. ggplot2 can serve as a replacement for the base graphics in R and contains a ...
For a set of empirical measurements sampled from some probability distribution, the Freedman–Diaconis rule is designed approximately minimize the integral of the squared difference between the histogram (i.e., relative frequency density) and the density of the theoretical probability distribution.
Ordinary least squares regression of Okun's law.Since the regression line does not miss any of the points by very much, the R 2 of the regression is relatively high.. In statistics, the coefficient of determination, denoted R 2 or r 2 and pronounced "R squared", is the proportion of the variation in the dependent variable that is predictable from the independent variable(s).
There is also an active R community around the tidyverse. For example, there is the TidyTuesday social data project organised by the Data Science Learning Community (DSLC), [ 16 ] where varied real-world datasets are released each week for the community to participate, share, practice, and make learning to work with data easier. [ 17 ]
Multi-block LBP: the image is divided into many blocks, a LBP histogram is calculated for every block and concatenated as the final histogram. Volume Local Binary Pattern(VLBP): [11] VLBP looks at dynamic texture as a set of volumes in the (X,Y,T) space where X and Y denote the spatial coordinates and T denotes the frame index. The neighborhood ...
A violin plot (on the left) and a sina plot (on the right) for the same sample. A sina plot is a type of diagram in which numerical data are depicted by points distributed in such a way that the width of the point distribution is proportional to the kernel density.
Violin plots are less popular than box plots. Violin plots may be harder to understand for readers not familiar with them. In this case, a more accessible alternative is to plot a series of stacked histograms or kernel density plots. The original meaning of "violin plot" was a combination of a box plot and a two-sided kernel density plot. [1]
Rattle provides considerable data mining functionality by exposing the power of the R Statistical Software through a graphical user interface. Rattle is also used as a teaching facility to learn the R software Language. There is a Log Code tab, which replicates the R code for any activity undertaken in the GUI, which can be copied and pasted.