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An inferior dislocation of the shoulder after an automobile accident. Note how the humerus is abducted. Also present is a fracture of the greater tuberosity. Inferior dislocation is the least likely, occurring in less than 1%. This condition is also called luxatio erecta because the arm appears to be permanently held upward or behind the head. [18]
A Bankart lesion is a type of shoulder injury that occurs following a dislocated shoulder. [3] It is an injury of the anterior ( inferior ) glenoid labrum of the shoulder. [ 4 ] When this happens, a pocket at the front of the glenoid forms that allows the humeral head to dislocate into it.
Tearing of the labrum can occur from either acute trauma or repetitive shoulder motion such as in the sports of swimming, baseball and football. Acute trauma may be from dislocation of the shoulder, direct blows to the shoulder, and other accidents of the sort. Tears are classified as either superior or inferior in regards to where the tear is ...
Anterior shoulder dislocation often is a result of a blow to the shoulder while the arm is in an abducted position. In younger people, these dislocation events are most commonly associated with fractures on the humerus and/or glenoid and can lead to recurrent instability.
The glenoid cartilage underneath the labrum in the glenohumeral (GH) joint is disrupted by glenolabral articular disruption. [5] The articulation of the humeral head inside the glenoid fossa of the scapula forms the GH joint itself, which is a synovial ball and socket joint.
Signs and symptoms of a dislocation or rotator cuff tear such as: Significant pain, which can sometimes be felt past the shoulder, along the arm. Inability to move the arm from its current position, particularly in positions with the arm reaching away from the body and with the top of the arm twisted toward the back. Numbness of the arm.
These nerves originate in the fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth cervical (C5–C8), and first thoracic (T1) spinal nerves, and innervate the muscles and skin of the chest, shoulder, arm and hand. [1] [2] [3] Brachial plexus injuries can occur as a result of shoulder trauma (e.g. dislocation [4]), tumours, or inflammation, or obstetric.
Sprengel's deformity (also known as high scapula, scapular hypoplasia, or congenital high scapula) is a rare congenital skeletal abnormality where a person has one shoulder blade that sits higher on the back than the other. The deformity is due to a failure in early fetal development where the shoulder fails to descend properly from the neck to ...