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Infectious mononucleosis (IM, mono), also known as glandular fever, is an infection usually caused by the Epstein–Barr virus (EBV). [2] [3] Most people are infected by the virus as children, when the disease produces few or no symptoms. [2] In young adults, the disease often results in fever, sore throat, enlarged lymph nodes in the neck, and ...
Many children who become infected with EBV display no symptoms or the symptoms are indistinguishable from the other mild, brief illnesses of childhood. [21] When infection occurs during adolescence or young adulthood, it causes infectious mononucleosis 35 to 50% of the time. [22] EBV infects B cells of the immune system and epithelial cells.
There are several forms of Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection. These include asymptomatic infections, the primary infection, infectious mononucleosis, and the progression of asymptomatic or primary infections to: 1) any one of various Epstein–Barr virus-associated lymphoproliferative diseases such as chronic active EBV infection, EBV+ hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, Burkitt's lymphoma ...
During this period (usually days to weeks post-exposure) fifty to ninety percent of infected individuals develop an influenza or mononucleosis-like illness called acute HIV infection (or HIV prodrome), [2] [3] the most common symptoms of which may include fever, lymphadenopathy, pharyngitis, rash, myalgia, malaise, mouth and esophageal sores ...
The disease develops as a complication or progression of either Epstein–Barr virus-positive infectious mononucleosis (EPV+ IM) or chronic active Epstein–Barr virus infection (CAEBV)., [1] that is, as a worsening of the signs/symptoms some three weeks after the onset of an EBV+ IM-like disease or an any time during the course of CAEBV.
Diagnosis is usually based on the symptoms. [1] Medical imaging may be done to rule out complications. [1] Treatment is by removing the pus, antibiotics, sufficient fluids, and pain medication. [1] Steroids may also be useful. [1] Admission to hospital is generally not needed. [1] In the United States about 3 per 10,000 people per year are ...
How long the symptoms last depends on the severity of the case. With more mild cases (meaning that symptoms are similar to the common cold or flu), people tend to get better on their own after a ...
Reports of successful treatment with parenteral penicillin or ampicillin exist. [44] Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole has been shown effective in patients allergic to penicillin. [44] A bacteriophage, Listeria phage P100, has been proposed as food additive to control L. monocytogenes. [45] Bacteriophage treatments have been developed by several ...