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World War I was one of the deadliest conflicts in history, resulting in an estimated 10 million military dead and more than 20 million wounded, plus some 10 million civilian dead from causes including genocide. The movement of large numbers of people was a major factor in the deadly Spanish flu pandemic.
Free City of Danzig established. [85] January 20 Politics: Irkutsk surrenders to the Bolsheviks. January 21 Politics: The Paris Peace Conference ends. February 7 Politics: Armistice between the Bolsheviks and the Czechoslovak Legion. The Czechoslovaks surrender the Russian gold reserves and Kolchak in return for free passage to Vladivostok.
Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg. In 1916, Germany's domestic situation was becoming increasingly worrying due to supply difficulties caused by labor shortages. [3]Faced with the indecision of the White House, Imperial German Chancellor Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg decided to make his own peace proposal, seeing it as the last chance for a just peace, as the outcome of the war was, in his view ...
More than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, were mobilised in one of the largest wars in history. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] More than 9 million combatants were killed , largely because of great technological advances in firepower without corresponding advances in mobility.
A royal proclamation issued by George V declares: "Our House and Family shall be styled and known as the House and Family of Windsor", thus renouncing their German titles. "A Good Riddance": a cartoon in Punch magazine showing King George V sweeping away his German titles in July 1917. 4 September 1917 First night-time bomber raid on London. [30]
The 'Age of Totalitarianism' included nearly all the infamous examples of genocide in modern history, headed by the Jewish Holocaust, but also comprising the mass murders and purges of the Communist world, other mass killings carried out by Nazi Germany and its allies, and also the Armenian Genocide of 1915.
As soon as the war began, the major nations issued "color books" containing documents (mostly from July 1914) that helped justify their actions.A color book is a collection of diplomatic correspondence and other official documents published by a government for educational or political reasons, and to promote the government position on current or past events.
A Diplomatic History of the American people (1947) pp 610–680 online; Bassett, John Spencer. Our War with Germany: A History (1919) online edition; Breen, William J. Uncle Sam at Home: Civilian Mobilization, Wartime Federalism, and the Council of National Defense, 1917-1919 (1984) Byerly, Carol R. (2010).