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Transitional cell carcinoma is a type of cancer that arises from the transitional epithelium, a tissue lining the inner surface of these hollow organs. [1] It typically occurs in the urothelium of the urinary system; in that case, it is also called urothelial carcinoma.
The Paris System for reporting urine cytology, version 2.0, ranging from negative to positive for high grade urothelial carcinoma. [1] Urine cytology is a test that looks for abnormal cells in urine under a microscope. The test commonly checks for infection, inflammatory disease of the urinary tract, cancer, or precancerous conditions.
Invasive urothelial carcinoma is a type of transitional cell carcinoma. It is a type of cancer that develops in the urinary system: the kidney , urinary bladder , and accessory organs. Transitional cell carcinoma is the most common type of bladder cancer and cancer of the ureter , urethra , renal pelvis , the ureters , the bladder , and parts ...
Around half of affected people have locally advanced disease when they first present. 54–65% of cases are of the urothelial carcinoma type. [ 1 ] Prolonged irritations of the urethra due to urinary catheterization , chronic inflammation due to infection, radiation, diverticula of the urethra , and urethral strictures, may increase the risk of ...
Bladder tumors are classified by their appearance under the microscope, and by their cell type of origin. Over 90% of bladder tumors arise from the cells that form the bladder's inner lining, called urothelial cells or transitional cells; the tumor is then classified as urothelial cancer or transitional cell cancer.
They undergo glandular metaplasia, a process in which irritated tissues take on a different form, in this case that of a gland. [1] The main importance is in the findings of test results, in this case histopathology. They must distinguish a benign metaplastic change from the cancerous condition urothelial cell carcinoma. [2]
Should the transitional cell carcinoma grow toward the inner surface of the bladder via finger-like projections, it is known as papillary carcinoma. Otherwise, it is known as flat carcinoma. [ 11 ] Either form can transition from non-invasive to invasive by spreading into the muscle layers of the bladder.
Papillary urothelial neoplasm of low malignant potential; M8130/2 Papillary transitional cell carcinoma, non-invasive (C67._) Papillary urothelial carcinoma, non-invasive; M8130/3 Papillary transitional cell carcinoma (C67._) Papillary urothelial carcinoma; M8131/3 Transitional cell carcinoma, micropapillary ( C67._)