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In humans the most common initial effects of unintentional exposure are nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea, though delayed seizures have been reported. [3] No antidote for bromethalin is known; care is symptomatic and supportive.
Brodifacoum is a highly lethal 4-hydroxycoumarin vitamin K antagonist anticoagulant poison.In recent years, it has become one of the world's most widely used pesticides.It is typically used as a rodenticide, but is also used to control larger pests such as possums.
[4] [5] This phenomenon of poison shyness is the rationale for poisons that kill only after multiple doses. Besides being directly toxic to the mammals that ingest them, including dogs, cats, and humans, many rodenticides present a secondary poisoning risk to animals that hunt or scavenge the dead corpses of rats. [6]
Previously, farmers had to shoot rats one at a time or use high doses of toxic chemicals. [1] [6] In contrast, warfarin posed minimal risk to other animals as cumulative doses were required to achieve toxicosis, and did not cause bait shyness. [1] d-CON was originally sold in 4-ounce packages of green powder for $2.98. When mixed with grain or ...
For this purpose, baits containing anticoagulants such as Warfarin were long used; they kill relatively slowly through internal bleeding, which is not associated with ingestion. More recently a highly potent toxin attacking the central nervous system, bromethalin, has been used. Again, with sub-lethal doses of this chemical, the animal cannot ...
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Naked mole-rats can live longer than any other rodent, with lifespans in excess of 37 years; the next longest-lived rodent is the African porcupine at 28 years. [38] [39] The mortality rate of the species does not increase with age, and thus does not conform to that of most mammals (as frequently defined by the Gompertz-Makeham law of mortality ...
Rodents such as rats are the most common model in researching effects of cardiovascular disease, as the effects on rodents mimic those in humans. [12] Rats have also been used as tools in research to try to find if there is a difference in the effects of cocaine on adults versus adolescents. [13]