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Perisylvian syndrome is a rare neurological disease characterized by damage to the sylvian fissure (lateral sulcus), an area in the brain involved in language and speech. . The main symptoms are difficulty chewing and swallowing, low muscle tone in the face and tongue, speech and language development disorders, and epile
The primary auditory cortex lies medially in the superior temporal gyrus of the human brain. [7] It is responsible for receiving signals from the medial geniculate nucleus . Within the primary auditory cortex, the auditosensory cortex extends posteromedially over the gyrus. [ 2 ]
The superior temporal gyrus also includes Wernicke's area, which (in most people) is located in the left hemisphere. It is the major area involved in the comprehension of language. The superior temporal gyrus is involved in auditory processing, including language, but also has been implicated as a critical structure in social cognition. [2] [3]
Advances in imaging techniques, such as MRI, greatly improved the diagnosis and localization of cerebral infarcts that coincide with primary or secondary auditory centers. [10] Neurological and cognitive testing help to distinguish between total cortical deafness and auditory agnosia , resulting in the inability to perceive words, music, or ...
The location of the brain lesion and type of the aphasia can then be inferred from the observed symptoms. The Minnesota Test for Differential Diagnosis is the most lengthy and thorough assessment of sensory aphasia. It pinpoints weaknesses in the auditory and visual senses, as well as reading comprehension.
Common symptoms include drooling, an inability to elevate and depress the mandible, difficulty chewing, inability of protruding tongue, swallowing, and loss of speech. [ 3 ] [ 1 ] [ 4 ] Classification of the disorder is distinguished by the location of the lesions formed, which causes certain symptoms to be present or amplified.
Both pathways project in humans to the inferior frontal gyrus. The most established role of the auditory dorsal stream in primates is sound localization. In humans, the auditory dorsal stream in the left hemisphere is also responsible for speech repetition and articulation, phonological long-term encoding of word names, and verbal working memory.
The sensorimotor network (SMN), also known as somatomotor network, is a large-scale brain network that primarily includes somatosensory (postcentral gyrus) and motor (precentral gyrus) regions and extends to the supplementary motor areas (SMA). [1] The auditory cortex may also be included, [2] as well as the visual cortex. [3]