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Production began in Baghdad, where a method was invented to make a thicker sheet of paper, which helped transform papermaking from an art into a major industry. [55] The use of water-powered pulp mills for preparing the pulp material used in papermaking dates back to Samarkand in the 8th century. [ 56 ]
Papermaking is the manufacture of paper and cardboard, which are used widely for printing, writing, and packaging, among many other purposes. Today almost all paper is made using industrial machinery, while handmade paper survives as a specialized craft and a medium for artistic expression. In papermaking, a dilute suspension consisting mostly ...
The papermaking process developed in east Asia, probably China, at least as early as 105 CE, [1] by the Han court eunuch Cai Lun, although the earliest archaeological fragments of paper derive from the 2nd century BCE in China. [2] The modern pulp and paper industry is global, with China leading its production and the United States following.
Rittenhouse established America's first paper mill on the Monoshone Creek. William Rittenhouse (1644 – 1708) was an American papermaker and businessman. He served as an apprentice papermaker in the Netherlands and, after moving to the Pennsylvania Colony, established the first paper mill in the North American colonies, helping to meet the growing demand for paper among the Early American ...
Dard Hunter, self-portrait in watermark Front of the Mountain House in Chillicothe. William Joseph "Dard" Hunter (November 29, 1883 – February 20, 1966) was an American authority on printing, paper, and papermaking, especially by hand, using sixteenth century tools and techniques.
Woodchips for paper production. The kraft process (also known as kraft pulping or sulfate process) is a process for conversion of wood into wood pulp, which consists of almost pure cellulose fibres, the main component of paper. The kraft process involves treatment of wood chips with a hot mixture of water, sodium hydroxide (NaOH), and sodium ...
Juneteenth, a commemoration of freedom for the last African American slaves in Texas, will be celebrated nationwide this week.. It was on June 19, 1865 that General Order No. 3 was issued to Texas ...
A paper machine (or paper-making machine) is an industrial machine which is used in the pulp and paper industry to create paper in large quantities at high speed. Modern paper-making machines are based on the principles of the Fourdrinier Machine, which uses a moving woven mesh to create a continuous paper web by filtering out the fibres held ...