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Before the introduction of the rules most patients with ankle injuries would have been imaged. However the vast majority of patients with unclear ankle injuries do not have bone fractures. [1] As a result, many unnecessary X-rays were taken, which was costly, time-consuming and a slight health risk due to radiation exposure.
Typically evaluation begins with x-rays, which can provide information about the mechanism of injury, severity of injury, and stability of fracture. The Ottawa ankle rules determine the necessity of obtaining x-rays in patients with acute ankle injuries. These guidelines were created to minimize the expense of unnecessary x-rays. [9]
The Ottawa ankle rule is a simple, widely used rule to help differentiate fractures of the ankle or mid-foot from other ankle injuries that do not require x-ray radiography. It has a sensitivity of nearly 100%, meaning that a patient who tests negative, according to the rule almost certainly does not have an ankle fracture. [7]
above the level of the ankle joint; tibiofibular syndesmosis disrupted with widening of the distal tibiofibular articulation; medial malleolus fracture or deltoid ligament injury present; unstable: requires ORIF; Categories B and C imply a degree of damage to the syndesmosis itself (which cannot be directly visualised on X-ray).
X-ray of trimalleolar fracture repair with plate and nails. Surgical repair using open reduction and internal fixation is generally required, and because there is no lateral restraint of the foot, the ankle cannot bear any weight while the bone knits. This typically takes six weeks in an otherwise healthy person, but can take as much as twelve ...
It is a common injury found in children, occurring in 15% of childhood long bone fractures. [3] This type of fracture and its classification system is named for Robert B. Salter and William H. Harris who created and published this classification system in the Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery in 1963.
Most ankle sprains are lateral sprains that occur when the foot rolls, causing the side of the ankle to be pressed to the ground. [7] Small blood vessels rupture in the process and cause the ankle to swell [ 4 ] and damage may also occur to the ligaments, these constituting a short band of tough, flexible, fibrous connective tissues holding the ...
Pott's fracture, also known as Pott's syndrome I and Dupuytren fracture, is an archaic term loosely applied to a variety of bimalleolar ankle fractures. [1] The injury is caused by a combined abduction external rotation from an eversion force.