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It is also called appendicolith when it occurs in the appendix and is sometimes concurrent with appendicitis. [1] They can also obstruct diverticula. It can form secondary to fecal impaction. A fecaloma is a more severe form of fecal impaction, and a hardened fecaloma may be considered a giant fecalith. The term is from the Greek líthos=stone. [2]
A phlebolith is a small local, usually rounded, calcification within a vein. These are very common in the veins of the lower part of the pelvis , and they are generally of no clinical importance. When located in the pelvis they are sometimes difficult to differentiate from kidney stones in the ureters on X-ray .
Treatment of kidney stones in children is similar to treatments for adults, including shock wave lithotripsy, medication, and treatment using scope through the bladder, kidney or skin. [131] Of these treatments, research is uncertain if shock waves are more effective than medication or a scope through the bladder, but it is likely less ...
In humans, enteroliths are rare and may be difficult to distinguish from gall stones. Their chemical composition is diverse, and rarely can a nidus be found. A differential diagnosis of an enterolith requires the enterolith, a normal gallbladder, and a diverticulum. [7] [8] An enterolith typically forms within a diverticulum.
Modification of predisposing factors can sometimes slow or reverse stone formation. Treatment varies by stone type, but, in general: [citation needed] Healthy diet and exercise (promotes flow of energy and nutrition) Drinking fluids (water and electrolytes like lemon juice, diluted vinegar e.g. in pickles, salad dressings, sauces, soups, shrubs ...
Currently, conservative management and surgery are the only treatment options for omental infarction with no consensus as to the best treatment modality. Having both acute appendicitis and omental infarction is extremely rare with only two cases reported in the literature: one in an adult female and the other in a 7-year-old girl. [2]
Symptoms and signs included: inflammation of serous membranes, haemorrhages, apoplexy, convulsions, blindness and coma. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Many of these cases were found to have albumin in their urine (detected by the spoon and candle-heat coagulation), and showed striking morbid changes of the kidneys at post-mortem . [ 5 ]
These "asymptomatic" patients may have other symptoms such as depression, anxiety, gastrointestinal distress, and neuromuscular problems that are not counted as symptoms. [5] The problem is often picked up incidentally during blood work for other reasons, and the test results show a higher amount of calcium in the blood than normal. [ 3 ]