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Random sampling of library collections can give a quick and clear assessment measure of a collection—whether the books are present, and whether those books present are in good physical condition. In 1982, the California State University libraries, suggested inventory procedures to insure that the 19 campus collections were secure and intact.
The unique nature of archival records and the geographic distribution of individual collections has presented a challenge for those wishing to locate and access them for over 150 years. [7] With the advent of international networked computing and online catalogs, however, the potential emerged for making archival collections searchable online. [13]
ArchiveGrid is a collection of over five million archival material descriptions, including MARC records from WorldCat and finding aids harvested from the web. [1] It contains archival collections held by thousands of libraries, museums, historical societies, and archives. [2] Contribution to the system is available to any institution. [3]
Many—especially professional—archives are created by official bodies (governments, education institutions, businesses). Some archives are held as private collections. Some archives are dedicated to documenting and preserving specific community memories. Many such community archives embrace a participatory culture.
Archival records are normally unpublished and almost always unique, unlike books or magazines, of which many identical copies may exist. This means that archives are quite distinct from libraries with regard to their functions and organization, although archival collections can often be found within library buildings. [7]
Archival science, or archival studies, is the study and theory of building and curating archives, which are collections of documents, recordings, photographs and various other materials in physical or digital formats. To build and curate an archive, one must acquire and evaluate the materials, and be able to access them later.
Web Archiving Program at Library and Archives Canada [27] Canada 2005 Archive-It service: 4 3 Web archiving in Canada is a legislated activity that is conducted for digital preservation purposes under section 8 (2) of the Library and Archives of Canada Act. [28] Four FTEs and three part-time staff work on the program.
Archival research lies at the heart of most academic and other forms of original historical research; but it is frequently also undertaken (in conjunction with parallel research methodologies) in other disciplines within the humanities and social sciences, including literary studies, rhetoric, [4] [5] archaeology, sociology, human geography, anthropology, psychology, and organizational studies ...