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  2. Clinical significance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_significance

    In broad usage, the "practical clinical significance" answers the question, how effective is the intervention or treatment, or how much change does the treatment cause. In terms of testing clinical treatments, practical significance optimally yields quantified information about the importance of a finding, using metrics such as effect size, number needed to treat (NNT), and preventive fraction ...

  3. Medical error - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_error

    Pat Croskerry describes clinical reasoning as an interplay between intuitive, subconscious thought (System 1) and deliberate, conscious rational consideration (System 2). In this framework, many cognitive errors reflect over-reliance on System 1 processing, although cognitive errors may also sometimes involve System 2. [58]

  4. Biological plausibility - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological_plausibility

    Biological plausibility is one component of a method of reasoning that can establish a cause-and-effect relationship between a biological factor and a particular disease or adverse event. It is also an important part of the process of evaluating whether a proposed therapy (drug, vaccine, surgical procedure, etc.) has a real benefit to a patient.

  5. Clinical formulation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_formulation

    A clinical formulation, also known as case formulation and problem formulation, is a theoretically-based explanation or conceptualisation of the information obtained from a clinical assessment. It offers a hypothesis about the cause and nature of the presenting problems and is considered an adjunct or alternative approach to the more ...

  6. Evidence-based medicine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evidence-based_medicine

    Alvan Feinstein's publication of Clinical Judgment in 1967 focused attention on the role of clinical reasoning and identified biases that can affect it. [17] In 1972, Archie Cochrane published Effectiveness and Efficiency, which described the lack of controlled trials supporting many practices that had previously been assumed to be effective. [18]

  7. Executive functions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Executive_functions

    They exhibited disorganized actions and strategies for everyday tasks (a group of behaviors now known as dysexecutive syndrome) although they seemed to perform normally when clinical or lab-based tests were used to assess more fundamental cognitive functions such as memory, learning, language, and reasoning. It was hypothesized that, to explain ...

  8. Psychology of reasoning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychology_of_reasoning

    A Syllogistic Reasoning Task was created from a study performed by Morsanyi, Kinga, Handley, and Simon that examined the intuitive contributions to reasoning. They used this test to assess why "syllogistic reasoning performance is based on an interplay between a conscious and effortful evaluation of logicality and an intuitive appreciation of ...

  9. Clinical decision support system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_decision_support...

    A Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS) is a computerized tool designed to assist healthcare providers in making clinical decisions by integrating medical knowledge with patient data. These systems utilize algorithms, databases, and patient information to provide tailored recommendations, alerts, and reminders to healthcare professionals at ...