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Phosphorus pentachloride is the chemical compound with the formula PCl 5. It is one of the most important phosphorus chlorides/oxychlorides, others being PCl 3 and POCl 3. PCl 5 finds use as a chlorinating reagent. It is a colourless, water-sensitive solid, although commercial samples can be yellowish and contaminated with hydrogen chloride.
The reaction of phosphorus pentachloride (PCl 5) with phosphorus pentoxide (P 4 O 10). 6 PCl 5 + P 4 O 10 → 10 POCl 3. The reaction can be simplified by chlorinating a mixture of PCl 3 and P 4 O 10, generating the PCl 5 in situ. The reaction of phosphorus pentachloride with boric acid or oxalic acid: [12] 3 PCl 5 + 2 B(OH) 3 → 3 POCl 3 + B ...
A pentachloride is a compound or ion that contains five chlorine atoms or ions. Common pentachlorides include: Antimony pentachloride, SbCl 5; Arsenic pentachloride, AsCl 5; Molybdenum pentachloride, MoCl 5; Niobium pentachloride, NbCl 5; Phosphorus pentachloride, PCl 5; Protactinium pentachloride, PaCl 5; Osmium pentachloride, OsCl 5; Rhenium ...
Phosphorus pentachloride, phosphorus pentabromide, and phosphorus heptabromide are ionic in the solid and liquid states; PCl 5 is formulated as PCl 4 + PCl 6 –, but in contrast, PBr 5 is formulated as PBr 4 + Br −, and PBr 7 is formulated as PBr 4 + Br 3 −. They are widely used as chlorinating and brominating agents in organic chemistry.
Phosphorus trichloride is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula PCl 3. A colorless liquid when pure, it is an important industrial chemical, being used for the manufacture of phosphites and other organophosphorus compounds. It is toxic and reacts readily with water to release hydrogen chloride.
For example, both phosphorus oxychloride (POCl 3) and phosphorus pentachloride, (PCl 5) are neutral covalent compounds of phosphorus in the +5 oxidation state. If an oxygen atom is simply replaced by a halogen atom the charge increases by +1, but the coordination number is unchanged.
Crystalline samples have been produced by the reaction of ammonium chloride and hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene [4] or phosphorus pentachloride. [1] (NPCl 2) 3 + 2 [NH 4]Cl → P 3 N 5 + 8 HCl 3 PCl 5 + 5 [NH 4]Cl → P 3 N 5 + 20 HCl. P 3 N 5 has also been prepared at room temperature, by a reaction between phosphorus trichloride and sodium ...
Phosphorus pentafluoride was first prepared in 1876 by the fluorination of phosphorus pentachloride using arsenic trifluoride, which remains a favored method: [1] 3 PCl 5 + 5 AsF 3 → 3 PF 5 + 5 AsCl 3. Phosphorus pentafluoride can be prepared by direct combination of phosphorus and fluorine: P 4 + 10 F 2 → 4 PF 5