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Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is an interleukin, which is a type of cytokine signaling molecule forming part of the immune system.It is a 15.5–16 kDa protein [5] that regulates the activities of white blood cells (leukocytes, often lymphocytes) that are responsible for immunity.
IL-2 and its receptor have key roles in key functions of the immune system, tolerance and immunity, primarily via their direct effects on T cells. In the thymus , where T cells mature, they prevent autoimmune diseases by promoting the differentiation of certain immature T cells into regulatory T cells , which kill off other T cells that are ...
Interleukin 9 (IL-9) [30] is a cytokine that supports IL-2 independent and IL-4 independent growth of helper T cells. Early studies had indicated that Interleukin 9 and 7 seem to be evolutionary related [ 31 ] and Pfam, InterPro and PROSITE entries exist for interleukin 7/interleukin 9 family.
These cytokines activate ILC2s, and therefore, an increased number of ILC2s, and type-2 cytokines (IL-4/5/13) are present in patients with allergic asthma. [3] They secrete IL-13, initiating allergic lung inflammation, and additionally promote Th2 differentiation, increasing the production of IL-13, and therefore amplifying the allergic ...
The interleukin-2 receptor alpha chain (also called Tac antigen, P55, and mainly CD25) is a protein involved in the assembly of the high-affinity interleukin-2 receptor, consisting of alpha (IL2RA), beta and the common gamma chain ().
The autocrine or paracrine secretion of IL-2 can bind to that same T h cell or neighboring T h 's via the IL-2R thus driving proliferation and clonal expansion. The T h cells receiving both signals of activation and proliferation will then become T h 0 (T helper 0) cells that secrete IL-2, IL-4 and interferon gamma (IFN-γ).
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Cytokine receptor common subunit gamma also known as interleukin-2 receptor subunit gamma or IL-2RG is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL2RG gene. [8] The human IL2RG gene is located on the long (q) arm of the X chromosome at position 13.1, from base pair 70,110,279 to base pair 70,114,423.