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In macroeconomics, the triangle model employed by new Keynesian economics is a model of inflation derived from the Phillips Curve and given its name by Robert J. Gordon.The model views inflation as having three root causes: built-in inflation, demand-pull inflation, and cost-push inflation. [1]
Cost-push inflation can also result from a rise in expected inflation, which in turn the workers will demand higher wages, thus causing inflation. [2] One example of cost-push inflation is the oil crisis of the 1970s, which some economists see as a major cause of the inflation experienced in the Western world in that decade. It is argued that ...
For example, a sudden decrease in the supply of oil, leading to increased oil prices, can cause cost-push inflation. Producers for whom oil is a part of their costs could then pass this on to consumers in the form of increased prices. [85] Inflation expectations play a major role in forming actual inflation. High inflation can prompt employees ...
Built-in inflation is a type of inflation that results from past events and persists in the present. Built-in inflation is one of three major determinants of the current inflation rate. In Robert J. Gordon 's triangle model of inflation, the current inflation rate equals the sum of demand-pull inflation , cost-push inflation , and built-in ...
Trend of monthly inflation rate in Italy, from 1962 to February 2022. In macroeconomics, a wage-price spiral (also called a wage/price spiral or price/wage spiral) is a proposed explanation for inflation , in which wage increases cause price increases which in turn cause wage increases, in a positive feedback loop . [ 1 ]
One of the causes for the 1970's price spiral was heavy government borrowing required to finance WWII (competition low/repressed public demand), Korean War, Vietnam War and government entitlements with an accomodating Federal Reserve.
The export of labour, that is the sending of Vietnamese workers to work in other countries, is also key to the Vietnamese economy, with much of their earnings being sent back to Vietnam. This labour export was disrupted due to the Covid pandemic , however by 2022, Vietnam hopes to send 90,000 workers abroad.
Built-in inflation: As demand-pull and cost-push inflation reduce household buying power, workers seek higher wages to maintain their lifestyles. Businesses then raise their prices to keep up with ...