Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
Many environmental protection agencies have issued regulations that limit the concentration of pollutants in gaseous emissions and define the reference conditions applicable to those concentration limits. For example, such a regulation might limit the concentration of NOx to 55 ppmv in a dry combustion exhaust gas corrected to 3 volume percent O 2.
This article presents methods for converting concentrations from ppmv to mg/m 3 (and vice versa) and for correcting the concentrations to the required reference conditions. All of the concentrations and concentration corrections in this article apply only to air and other gases. They are not applicable for liquids.
An emission intensity (also carbon intensity or C.I.) is the emission rate of a given pollutant relative to the intensity of a specific activity, or an industrial production process; for example grams of carbon dioxide released per megajoule of energy produced, or the ratio of greenhouse gas emissions produced to gross domestic product (GDP).
The carbon dioxide equivalent (CO 2 e or CO 2 eq or CO 2-e or CO 2-eq) can be calculated from the GWP. For any gas, it is the mass of CO 2 that would warm the earth as much as the mass of that gas. Thus it provides a common scale for measuring the climate effects of different gases.
Radiative forcing is defined in the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report as follows: "The change in the net, downward minus upward, radiative flux (expressed in W/m 2) due to a change in an external driver of climate change, such as a change in the concentration of carbon dioxide (CO 2), the concentration of volcanic aerosols or the output of the Sun." [3]: 2245
Climate sensitivity is a key measure in climate science and describes how much Earth's surface will warm for a doubling in the atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2) concentration. [1] [2] Its formal definition is: "The change in the surface temperature in response to a change in the atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2) concentration or other radiative ...
RCP 2.6 is a "very stringent" pathway. [6] According to the IPCC, RCP 2.6 requires that carbon dioxide (CO 2) emissions start declining by 2020 and go to zero by 2100.It also requires that methane emissions (CH 4) go to approximately half the CH 4 levels of 2020, and that sulphur dioxide (SO2) emissions decline to approximately 10% of those of 1980–1990.
The concentration of carbon dioxide (CO 2) in the atmosphere reached 427 ppm (0.0427%) on a molar basis in 2024, representing 3341 gigatonnes of CO 2. [1] This is an increase of 50% since the start of the Industrial Revolution , up from 280 ppm during the 10,000 years prior to the mid-18th century.