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The parameter is known as the Froude number, and is defined as: = ... The momentum equation for open-channel flow may be found by starting from the ...
The extended Froude number is defined as the ratio between the kinetic and the potential energy: = + (), where u is the mean flow velocity, β = gK cos ζ, (K is the earth pressure coefficient, ζ is the slope), s g = g sin ζ, x is the channel downslope position and is the distance from the point of the mass release along the channel to the ...
The energy equation used for open channel flow computations is a ... subcritical” and have a Froude Number less than 1, while depths less than critical depth are ...
To help visualize the relationship of the upstream Froude number and the flow depth downstream of the hydraulic jump, it is helpful to plot y 2 /y 1 versus the upstream Froude Number, Fr 1. (Figure 8) The value of y 2 /y 1 is a ratio of depths that represent a dimensionless jump height; for example, if y 2 /y 1 = 2, then the jump doubles the ...
Amount upstream flow is supercritical (i.e., prejump Froude Number) Ratio of height after to height before jump Descriptive characteristics of jump Fraction of energy dissipated by jump [11] ≤ 1.0: 1.0: No jump; flow must be supercritical for jump to occur: none 1.0–1.7: 1.0–2.0: Standing or undulating wave < 5% 1.7–2.5: 2.0–3.1
Churchill equation [24] (1977) is the only equation that can be evaluated for very slow flow (Reynolds number < 1), but the Cheng (2008), [25] and Bellos et al. (2018) [8] equations also return an approximately correct value for friction factor in the laminar flow region (Reynolds number < 2300). All of the others are for transitional and ...
Dimensionless numbers (or characteristic numbers) have an important role in analyzing the behavior of fluids and their flow as well as in other transport phenomena. [1] They include the Reynolds and the Mach numbers, which describe as ratios the relative magnitude of fluid and physical system characteristics, such as density, viscosity, speed of sound, and flow speed.
Note that true dynamic similitude may require matching other dimensionless numbers as well, such as the Mach number used in compressible flows, or the Froude number that governs open-channel flows. Some flows involve more dimensionless parameters than can be practically satisfied with the available apparatus and fluids, so one is forced to ...