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Medetomidine is a racemic mixture of two optical or stereoisomers, levomedetomidine and dexmedetomidine. [4] The latter causes the alpha 2- adrenergic agonist effects. [5] It is often used as the hydrochloride salt, medetomidine hydrochloride, a crystalline white solid that can be administered as an intravenous drug solution with sterile water.
Medetomidine is a surgical veterinary anesthetic used for both small and large animals. It is in the same drug class as xylazine, another veterinary tranquilizer, known as the “zombie drug."
Dexmedetomidine was developed by Orion Pharma and is marketed under the names dexdor® and Precedex®; in 1999 the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved it as a short-term sedative and analgesic (<24 hours) for critically ill or injured people on mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit. The rationale for its short-term use ...
[1] [2] It contains medetomidine, an alpha2-adrenoceptor agonist, as the hydrochloride; and vatinoxan, an alpha2-adrenoceptor antagonist, as the hydrochloride. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] It was approved for veterinary use in the United States in May 2022, [ 2 ] and in Canada in May 2023.
“This is the way drugs travel.” The rise of medetomidine comes as overdose deaths have fallen slightly. More than 107,000 people died of a drug overdose last year, down from about 111,000 in ...
They are mainly used in research, having found limited clinical application in human medicine. They are extensively used in veterinary medicine to reverse the effects of alpha-2 agonist drugs used as sedatives, like xylazine, medetomidine and dexmedetomidine. Alpha-2 blockers increase noradrenaline release.
The ban will see 15 new dangerous synthetic opioids and five other drugs become Class A drugs under the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971. Currently possession of Class A drugs carries a sentence of up to ...
Atipamezole is a veterinary drug whose prime purpose is to reverse the effects of the sedative dexmedetomidine (as well as its racemic mixture, medetomidine). [note 1] [9] [10] It can also be used to reverse the related sedative xylazine. [11]