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Organizations for which WITSML is targeted include energy companies, service companies, drilling contractors, application vendors and regulatory agencies. A modern drilling rig or offshore platform uses a diverse array of specialist contractors, each of whom need to communicate data to the oil company operating the rig, and to each other.
In nature, ions tend to migrate from high to low ionic concentrations. In the case of SP logging, the two aqueous solutions are the well bore fluid (drilling mud) and the formation water (connate water). The potential opposite shales is called the baseline, and typically shifts only slowly over the depth of the borehole.
All three parts of the name are subject to change, especially in the case of a producing well. When an oil or gas field is sold, the operator name will change. If a field is unitized for enhanced oil recovery, the well number and lease name will change. Almost three million wells have been drilled for oil and gas in the United States. [2]
Regularly, for example once a month per well, the flow from one and only one selected well is led into the test separator for determining well flow rate for the selected well. [3] The separator divides the flow from the well into the streams of individual products which typically are oil, gas and water, but may include natural-gas condensate ...
A drilling rig is used to create a borehole or well (also called a wellbore) in the earth's sub-surface, for example in order to extract natural resources such as gas or oil. During such drilling, data is acquired from the drilling rig sensors for a range of purposes such as: decision-support to monitor and manage the smooth operation of ...
There are however standards in place for fiscal automatic sampling of crude oil namely API 8.2 and ISO 3171. [1] Water cut meters are typically used in the petroleum industry to measure the water cut of oil flowing from a well, produced oil from a separator, crude oil transfer in pipelines and in loading tankers. There are several technologies ...
In interwell tests, the tracer is injected at one well along with the carrier fluid (water in a waterflood or gas in a gasflood) and detected at a producing well after some period of time, which can be anything from days to years. In single well tests, the tracer is injected into the formation from a well and then produced out the same well ...
Maturation of source rocks (see diagenesis and fossil fuels) depends strongly on temperature, such that the majority of oil generation occurs in the 60 to 120 °C (140 to 248 °F) range. Gas generation starts at similar temperatures, but may continue up beyond this range, perhaps as high as 200 °C (392 °F). [ 1 ]