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Thyroid function tests (TFTs) is a collective term for blood tests used to check the function of the thyroid. [1] TFTs may be requested if a patient is thought to suffer from hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid) or hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid), or to monitor the effectiveness of either thyroid-suppression or hormone replacement therapy.
The TRH test involves administration of a small amount of TRH intravenously, [1] following which levels of TSH will be measured at several subsequent time points using samples of blood taken from a peripheral vein.
NTIS as a result of fasting may be regarded as a healthy and adaptive mechanism that reduces energy expenditure. [10] Fasting in healthy, euthyroid people causes reduced T3 and elevated rT3, although TSH is usually unchanged. [3] [5] [10] Even moderate weight loss can lower T3. [2]
Thyroid disease is a medical condition that affects the structure and/or function of the thyroid gland. The thyroid gland is located at the front of the neck and produces thyroid hormones [1] that travel through the blood to help regulate many other organs, meaning that it is an endocrine organ. These hormones normally act in the body to ...
Thyroid gland disorders: Hertel exophthalmometer: A system of mirrors or prisms that projects a lateral view of the eye against a ruler that measures the distance from the lateral canthus to the anterior surface of the cornea: To evaluate the prominence of the eye, which increases in hyperthyroidism [14] [15] Luedde exophthalmometer
Euthyroidism: Normal thyroid function; Hypothyroidism: Reduced thyroid function primary hypothyroidism: Feedback loop interrupted by low thyroid secretory capacity, e.g. after thyroid surgery or in case of autoimmune thyroiditis; secondary hypothyroidism: Feedback loop interrupted on the level of pituitary, e.g. in anterior pituitary failure
Propylthiouracil (PTU) is a medication used to treat hyperthyroidism. [3] This includes hyperthyroidism due to Graves' disease and toxic multinodular goiter. [3] In a thyrotoxic crisis it is generally more effective than methimazole. [3] Otherwise it is typically only used when methimazole, surgery, and radioactive iodine is not possible. [3]
The patient swallows a radioisotope of iodine in the form of capsule or fluid, and the absorption (uptake) of this radiotracer by the thyroid is studied after 4–6 hours and after 24 hours with the aid of a scintillation counter. The dose is typically 0.15–0.37 MBq (4–10 μCi) of 131 I iodide, or 3.7–7.4 MBq (100–200 μCi) of 123 I ...