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  2. C++ string handling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C++_string_handling

    The std::string class is the standard representation for a text string since C++98. The class provides some typical string operations like comparison, concatenation, find and replace, and a function for obtaining substrings. An std::string can be constructed from a C-style string, and a C-style string can also be obtained from one. [7]

  3. Lexer hack - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lexer_hack

    With the hack in the above example, when the lexer finds the identifier A it should be able to classify the token as a type identifier. The rules of the language would be clarified by specifying that typecasts require a type identifier and the ambiguity disappears. The problem also exists in C++ and parsers can use the same hack. [1]

  4. Lexical analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lexical_analysis

    A lexical token is a string with an assigned and thus identified meaning, in contrast to the probabilistic token used in large language models. A lexical token consists of a token name and an optional token value. The token name is a category of a rule-based lexical unit. [2]

  5. Comparison of programming languages (strings) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_programming...

    Many languages have a syntax specifically intended for strings with multiple lines. In some of these languages, this syntax is a here document or "heredoc": A token representing the string is put in the middle of a line of code, but the code continues after the starting token and the string's content doesn't appear until the next line. In other ...

  6. Byte pair encoding - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byte_pair_encoding

    All the unique tokens found in a corpus are listed in a token vocabulary, the size of which, in the case of GPT-3.5 and GPT-4, is 100256. The modified tokenization algorithm initially treats the set of unique characters as 1-character-long n-grams (the initial tokens). Then, successively, the most frequent pair of adjacent tokens is merged into ...

  7. String literal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/String_literal

    A string literal or anonymous string is a literal for a string value in the source code of a computer program. Modern programming languages commonly use a quoted sequence of characters, formally "bracketed delimiters", as in x = "foo" , where , "foo" is a string literal with value foo .

  8. Digraphs and trigraphs (programming) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digraphs_and_trigraphs...

    Nonetheless, those alternative tokens that aren't lexical keywords are colloquially known as "digraphs". Trigraphs were proposed for deprecation in C++0x, which was released as C++11. [13] This was opposed by IBM, speaking on behalf of itself and other users of C++, [14] and as a result trigraphs were

  9. C string handling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_string_handling

    A string is defined as a contiguous sequence of code units terminated by the first zero code unit (often called the NUL code unit). [1] This means a string cannot contain the zero code unit, as the first one seen marks the end of the string. The length of a string is the number of code units before the zero code unit. [1]