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Gas embolism is a diving disorder experienced by underwater divers who breathe gases at ambient pressure, and can happen in two distinct ways: . Pulmonary barotrauma: Air bubbles can enter the bloodstream as a result of gross trauma to the lining of the lung following a rapid ascent while holding the breath; the air held within the lung expands to the point where the tissues tear (pulmonary ...
In the arterial system, bubbles (arterial gas embolism) are far more dangerous because they block circulation and cause infarction (tissue death, due to local loss of blood flow). In the brain, infarction results in stroke , and in the spinal cord it may result in paralysis .
The treatment of intestinal ischemia depends on the cause and can be medical or surgical. However, if bowel has become necrotic, the only treatment is surgical removal of the dead segments of bowel. [34] In non-occlusive disease, where there is no blockage of the arteries supplying the bowel, the treatment is medical rather than surgical ...
An embolism involves the occlusion of blood vessels by an embolus. [1] Arterial occlusion by an embolus is termed 'arterial embolism'. An embolus is an agent that blocks blood flow by physically obstructing blood vessels. [1] This includes gas bubbles, [18] fatty deposits, amniotic fluid, [19] blood clots, and foreign material. Arterial emboli ...
An arterial embolism is caused by one or more emboli getting stuck in an artery and blocking blood flow, causing ischemia, possibly resulting in infarction with tissue death . [2] Individuals with arterial thrombosis or embolism often develop collateral circulation to compensate for the loss of arterial flow.
Types of mesenteric ischemia are generally separated into acute and chronic processes, because this helps determine treatment and prognosis. [4] Bowel obstruction is most often caused by intestinal adhesions, which frequently form after abdominal surgeries, or by chronic infections such as diverticulitis, hepatitis, and inflammatory bowel disease.
Gastric varices are dilated submucosal veins in the lining of the stomach, which can be a life-threatening cause of bleeding in the upper gastrointestinal tract.They are most commonly found in patients with portal hypertension, or elevated pressure in the portal vein system, which may be a complication of cirrhosis.
Abdominal trauma can be life-threatening because abdominal organs, especially those in the retroperitoneal space, can bleed profusely, and the space can hold a great deal of blood. [11] Solid abdominal organs, such as the liver and kidneys , bleed profusely when cut or torn, as do major blood vessels such as the aorta and vena cava . [ 11 ]