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Indentured servants could not marry without the permission of their master, were frequently subject to physical punishment, and did not receive legal favor from the courts. Female indentured servants in particular might be raped and/or sexually abused by their masters. If children were produced the labour would be extended by two years. [14]
The redemptioners who became indentured servants ended up working as farm laborers, household help, in workshops, and even as store clerks. They were typically prevented from marrying until after their term of service ended. Often, the terms of separation stipulated that the servant receive a suit of clothing and sometimes, a shovel or an axe.
Given the high death rate, many servants did not live to the end of their terms. [19] In the 18th and early 19th century, numerous Europeans, mostly from outside the British Isles, traveled to the colonies as redemptioners, a particularly harsh form of indenture. [25] Indentured servants were a separate category from bound apprentices. The ...
It was a condition of debt bondage and indentured servitude with similarities to and differences from slavery. It developed during late antiquity and the Early Middle Ages in Europe and lasted in some countries until the mid-19th century. [1]
The enslaved female servants of the khedivate harem were manumitted and married off with a trosseau in strategic marriages to the male freedmen or slaves (kul or mamluk) who were trained to become officers and civil servants as freedmen, in order to ensure the fidelity of their husband's to the khedive when they began their military or state ...
The use of slaves for hard physical labor early on in Muslim history led to several destructive slave revolts, [1] the most notable being the Zanj Rebellion of 869–883, and led to the end of the practice. [3] Many rulers also used slaves in the military and administration to such an extent that slaves could seize power, as did the Mamluks. [1]
Servants waiting to serve bowls of rice and roast lamb to guests attending an Arab farmer's wedding in the Negev. מנות אוכל של אורז ובשר מוכן להגשה לא The male members of the young couple's families eating the leftovers of the meal served at the wedding of two bedouins in the Negev.
The Indian indenture system was a system of indentured servitude, by which more than 1.6 million workers [1] from British India were transported to labour in European colonies, as a substitute for slave labour, following the abolition of the trade in the early 19th century.