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The Euler characteristic of such a poset is defined as the integer μ(0,1), where μ is the Möbius function in that poset's incidence algebra. This can be further generalized by defining a rational valued Euler characteristic for certain finite categories , a notion compatible with the Euler characteristics of graphs, orbifolds and posets ...
In solid modeling and computer-aided design, boundary representation (often abbreviated B-rep or BREP) is a method for representing a 3D shape [1] by defining the limits of its volume. A solid is represented as a collection of connected surface elements, which define the boundary between interior and exterior points.
Solid modeling (or solid modelling) is a consistent set of principles for mathematical and computer modeling of three-dimensional shapes . Solid modeling is distinguished within the broader related areas of geometric modeling and computer graphics , such as 3D modeling , by its emphasis on physical fidelity. [ 1 ]
The process of geometric drawing is based on constructions with a ruler and compass, which in turn are based on the first three postulates of Euclid's Elements. The historical importance of rulers and compasses as instruments in solving geometric problems leads many authors to limit Geometric Drawing to the representation and solution of ...
When part definition is defined mathematically via a solid model, the assertion that one cannot interrogate the model—the direct analog of "scaling the drawing"—becomes ridiculous; because when part definition is defined this way, it is not possible for a drawing or model to be "not to scale". A 2D pencil drawing can be inaccurately ...
A cutaway drawing is a technical illustration, in which part of the surface of a three-dimensional model is removed in order to show some of the model's interior in relation to its exterior. The purpose of a cutaway drawing is to "allow the viewer to have a look into an otherwise solid opaque object.
An abstract polyhedron is a certain kind of partially ordered set (poset) of elements, such that incidences, or connections, between elements of the set correspond to incidences between elements (faces, edges, vertices) of a polyhedron. Every such poset has a dual poset, formed by reversing all of the order relations.
A structural drawing, a type of engineering drawing, is a plan or set of plans and details for how a building or other structure will be built. Structural drawings are generally prepared by registered professional engineers , and based on information provided by architectural drawings .