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Cellular network standards and generation timeline. This is a comparison of standards of wireless networking technologies for devices such as mobile phones.A new generation of cellular standards has appeared approximately every tenth year since 1G systems were introduced in 1979 and the early to mid-1980s.
However, unlike TDMA, there are no time slots, and all CDMA radios can be active all the time to deliver up to 14.4 kbit/s data transmission speeds. With the evolution of CDMA to CDMA2000 and 1xRTT, the use of IS-95 CDMA Circuit Switched Data declined in favour of the faster data transmission speeds available with the newer technologies.
Consumer Cellular offers low-cost, [22] no-contract monthly cellphone plans with simple cutoff points to offer flexibility. [23] Its cellphone selections include basic flip phones from Doro (of which the provider is the exclusive U.S. carrier) aimed toward seniors [24] as well as budget and premium Android smartphones from Motorola and Samsung.
Mobile virtual network operators (MVNOs) in the United States lease wireless telephone and data service from the four major cellular carriers in the country—AT&T Mobility, Boost Mobile, T-Mobile US, and Verizon—and offer various levels of free and/or paid talk, text and data services to their customers.
Code-division multiple access (CDMA) is a channel access method used by various radio communication technologies. CDMA is an example of multiple access, where several transmitters can send information simultaneously over a single communication channel.
GSM 850 / GSM 1900 / UMTS 850 / LTE 1700 / LTE 1900 / LTE 2600 / 5G 3500: CDMA 1900 shut down in 2014 [8] [75] [78] 370: 03: Altice: Altice Group: Operational: AMPS / CDMA 850: Former Tricom, S.A, 1900 MHz spectrum returned to regulator [77] 370: 04: Viva: Trilogy Dominicana, S.A. Operational: CDMA 1900 / GSM 1900 / UMTS 1900 / LTE 1700: Former ...
These phones include combination of GSM and CDMA technology. They can be used as a GSM or CDMA phone according to the user's preference. These handsets are also called global phones. An example of this is the Samsung SCH-A790. These dual-mode handsets are compatible with both GSM and CDMA networks and are essentially two phones in one device.
The comparable technology in the context of GSM is GSM-1800, also known as "Digital Cellular System" (DCS). [10] GSM-1800 launched in Hong Kong in 1997. It can form dual band service with GSM at 900MHz. This frequency was inherited into UMTS, LTE, and 5G NR. Korea, which has never used GSM, runs CDMA on 1800 MHz. See CDMA frequency bands.